| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study empirically how the national flag and national anthem handled in the school ritual in the postwar era. According to main previous research, due to the result of postwar educational reform in Japan, school ceremonies on holidays have been said to have disappeared at least since 1947. But,this study revealed that above theory is basically a mistake. This is because the fact that the school ceremony with the main contents of national flag raising and national anthem singing was reinstated after independence of Japan after the war, and that number gradually increased. However, these trend also slowed down due to the establishment of "Kenkoku-kinen-no-Hi"(National Foundation Day). And this research pointed out that since 1989, the school ceremonies which carries out the national flag hosting and national anthem singing has become an entrance ceremony and a graduation ceremony.
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