| Budget Amount *help |
¥5,070,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,170,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In order to elucidate the synergistic effect of top-down and bottom-up effects, two mathematical models were mainly analyzed. In the system consisting of herbivore and two species of plants, the extreme differences in preference of the herbivore and the eutrophication of the system produce violent population fluctuations, but the variation in populations caused by the circulation of nutrient through excrement of the herbivore turns out to be milder. In the intraguild predation model, in which one of the two predators sharing a common prey feeds on the other, three models are proposed to resolve the contradiction that the extinction of the intermediate predator predicted by theory is not supported by empirical observations, and further the top down effect by higher predators are clarified.
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