| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The naturalization of the non-native hornet Vespa velutina has resulted in the general decline of native hornets across Tsushima islands. The north of Tsushima islands is one of the most important habitats for insects. We investigated the abundance and distribution of the native species and V. velutina throughout the Tsushima islands. Although V. velutina has just invaded almost all the Tsushima islands it is already established throughout the entire region and is the dominant species. We also confirmed that V. simillima remained the rarest species with only three nests observed, all from north areas. The decline of hornets in the Tsushima area is already affected by habitat degradation and fragmentation, but the rapid naturalization of V. velutina across the entire Tsushima islands will hasten the decline of other species especially the rare V. simillima. Therefore, urgent conservation measures are required to protect the Japanese hornets of the Tsushima.
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