Phenotypic and genotypic disparity in Sri Lankan primates: Dissecting a species from its morphology, ecology, parasites and genes

• Project/Area Number: 26440258
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Physical anthropology
• Research Institution: Kyoto University
• Principal Investigator: Huffman Michael A 京都大学, 霊長類研究所, 准教授 (10335242)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 川本 芳 京都大学, 霊長類研究所, 准教授 (00177750)
• Research Collaborator: NAHALLAGE Charmalie AD スリランカのスリジャエデネプラ大学, 人類学教室, 教授
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2017-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2016)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
• Keywords: phylogeny / speciation / phenotypic traits / genotypic variation / toque macaque / purple face langur / grey langur / Sri Lanka / genotypic vartiation / phylogeography

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The goal of this research is to reassess sub-species classifications of the toque macaque and langur species, based on our recently discovered disparities between their phenotypic and genotypic traits. Across altitudes ranging 2 to 2129 m asl, a clear variation in toque macaque tail length was found. This variation did not strictly fall along putative sub-species lines, but rather is better interpreted as a species level adaptation to altitude and thermoregulation according to Allan’s Rule. New primers were made for mtDNA sequencing by taking the interference caused by nuclear mitochondrial DNA into consideration and are being used to assess langur sub-species differences.

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Sri Jayewardenepura(Sri Lanka)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Tribhuvan University(Nepal)
• [Int'l Joint Research] National Institute for Advanced Studies(India)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Sri Jayawardenepura(Sri Lanka)
• [Int'l Joint Research] National Institute for Advanced Studies(India)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Tribhuvan University(Nepal)
• [Journal Article] Molecular features of hookworm larvae (Necator spp.) raised by coproculture from Ugandan chimpanzees and Gabonese gorillas and humans. (2017)
  • Author(s): Hasegawa H, Shigyo M, Yanai Y, McLennan MR, Fujita S, Makouloutou P, Tsuchida S, Ando C, Sato H, Huffman MA
  • Journal Title: Parasitology International Volume: 66 Issue: 2 Pages: 12-15
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2016.11.003
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Strongyloides Infections of Humans and Great Apes in Dzanga-Sangha Protected Areas, Central African Republic and in Degraded Forest Fragments in Bulindi, Uganda. (2016)
  • Author(s): Hasegawa, H, Kalousova, B, McLennan, MR, Modry D, Profousova-Psenkova I, Shutt-Phillips KA, Todd A, Huffman MA, Petrzelkova KJ
  • Journal Title: Parasitology International Volume: 65 Issue: 5 Pages: 367-370
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2016.05.004
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Genetic characteristics of Assamese macaques at Chunzom in West Bhutan. In: Ecology, morphology and genetic study of Assamese macaque (Macaca assamensis): A pilot study to mitigate human-wildlife conflict in Western Bhutan (2016)
  • Author(s): Kawamoto Y, Oi T, Chijiiwa A, Hamada Y, Chhetri P B, Wangda P, Norbu T, Rubgay K, Dorji R, Sherabla, Tenzin K
  • Journal Title: Renewable Natural Resources Research and Development Centre, Yusipang, Department of Forests and Park Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Forests, Bhutan Volume: 0 Pages: 55-71
• [Journal Article] An SNP marker at the STAT6 locus can identify the hybrids between rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and long-tailed macaques (M. fascicularis) in Thailand: a rapid and simple screening method and its application. (2016)
  • Author(s): Jadejaroen J, Kawamoto Y, Hamada Y, Malaivijitnond S
  • Journal Title: Primates Volume: 57 Issue: 1 Pages: 93-102
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10329-015-0502-2
  • NAID: 40020724316
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Molecular identification of Oesophagostomum spp. from ‘village’ chimpanzees in Uganda and their phylogenetic relationship with those of other primates. (2015)
  • Author(s): Ota N, Hasegawa H, McLennan MR, Kooriyama T, Sato H, Pebsworth PA, Huffman MA.
  • Journal Title: Royal Society Open Science Volume: 2: 150471 Issue: 11 Pages: 1-12
  • DOI: 10.1098/rsos.150471
  • NAID: 120006311884
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Maxillary sinus variation in hybrid macaques: implications for the genetic basis of craniofacial pneumatization. (2015)
  • Author(s): Ito T, Kawamoto Y, Hamada Y, Nishimura T
  • Journal Title: Biological Journal of the Linnean Society Volume: 115 Issue: 2 Pages: 333-347
  • DOI: 10.1111/bij.12528
  • NAID: 130005471918
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Use of photogrammetry as a means to assess hybrids of rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and long-tailed (M. fascicularis) macaques (2015)
  • Author(s): J Jadejaroen, Y Hamada, Y Kawamoto, S Malaivijitnond
  • Journal Title: Primates Volume: 56 Issue: 1 Pages: 77-88
  • DOI: 10.1007/s10329-014-0450-2
  • NAID: 40020351823
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Detection of Plasmodium knowlesi DNA in the urine and faeces of a Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) over the course of an experimentally induced infection (2014)
  • Author(s): Kawai S, Sato M, Kato-Hayashi S, Kishi H, Huffman M, Maeno Y, Culleton R, Nakazawa S
  • Journal Title: Malaria Journal Volume: 13 Issue: 1 Pages: 373-373
  • DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-373
  • NAID: 120006986377
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] DNA from Pre-Erythrocytic Stage Malaria Parasites is Detectable by PCR in the Faeces and Blood of Hosts (2014)
  • Author(s): Abkallo HM, Liu W, Hokama S, Ferreira PE, Nakazawa S, Maeno, Y., Quang, N. T., Kaneko, O., Huffman, M.A., Kawai, S., Marchand, R. P., Carter, R., B.H., Hahn and Culleton, R
  • Journal Title: International Journal For Parasitology Volume: (In Press) Issue: 7 Pages: 467-473
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.03.002
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] The relationship between tail length and elevation in toque macaques (Macaca sinica) in the natural habitat: using quick non-invasive method for measuring body to tail proportions. (2016)
  • Author(s): Huffman MA, Kumara R, Nahallage CAD, Kawamoto Y, Jayaweera PM
  • Organizer: Asian Primate Symposium 2016
  • Place of Presentation: Mt. Lavina Hotel, Colombo Sri Lanka
  • Year and Date: 2016-10-18
• [Presentation] Genetic structure of island populations of crab-eating macaques in Indonesia and Japanese macaques (2015)
  • Author(s): Kawamoto Y
  • Organizer: International Seminar: “Nonhuman Primates in Biology, Conservation and Biomedical Research” in Indonesia
  • Place of Presentation: Bogor, Indonesia
  • Year and Date: 2015-08-31
• [Presentation] The Evolution of Self-Medication in Primates from a Cross Taxa Comparative Perspective (2015)
  • Author(s): M.A. Huffman
  • Organizer: European Federation for Primatology
  • Place of Presentation: Science Department, Roma Tre University, Rome Italy
  • Year and Date: 2015-08-25
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] The ‘grey zone’ of langur phylogeography in Sri Lanka (2015)
  • Author(s): M.A. Huffman, Y. Kawamoto, C.A.D. Nahallage, R. Kumara, T. Shotake
  • Organizer: Primate Society of Japan
  • Place of Presentation: Kyoto University, Clock Tower Centennial Hall Building
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-18
• [Presentation] First report on the white morph western purple-faced leaf langur (Trachypithecus vetulus nestor) in Sri Lanka (2015)
  • Author(s): C.A.D. Nahallage, M.A. Huffman, R. Kumara
  • Organizer: Primate Society of Japan
  • Place of Presentation: Kyoto University, Clock Tower Centennial Hall Building
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-18
  • Invited