| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The field surverys concucted in Nepal and Bangladesh revealed that international migration for employment started from the middle class but has spread to the lower and the nea-bottom classes nowadays. Migration to foreign countries for employment leads to emancipation from caste binding for the oppressed low casts. And the remittance from overseas workers will contribute to reconstruction of the housing destoyed by the earthquake in 2015 in Nepal.Huge remittance from overseas to Bangladesh is contributing to the economic development and creation of employment opportunities in rural Bangladesh.
The field survey conducted in rural Iran revealed thant drought and overuse of underground water have caused poor crops in recent years, which has caused massive outflow of rural people to urban areas. On the other hand, massive inflow of laborers from Afghanistan to the rural Iran is observed. Afghanistani laboreres play an important role in agricultural production of Iran today.
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