| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Over the past two decades, several novel influenza viral proteins have been identified that modulate viral infections in vitro and/or in vivo. We used RT-PCR targeting viral mRNAs transcribed from the PB2 segment to look for novel viral proteins encoded by spliced mRNAs. We identified a new viral protein, termed PB2-S1, encoded by a novel spliced mRNA. PB2-S1 was detected in virus-infected cells and in cells transfected with a plasmid encoding PB2. PB2-S1 localized to mitochondria, inhibited the RIG-I-dependent interferon signaling pathway, and interfered with viral polymerase activity depending on its PB1 binding capability. The nucleotide sequences around the splicing donor and acceptor sites for PB2-S1 were highly conserved among human pre-2009 H1N1 viruses but not among human H1N1pdm and H3N2 viruses. PB2-S1-deficient viruses, however, showed similar growth kinetics in MDCK cells and virulence in mice to those of wild-type virus.
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