Remote determinations on fumarole outlet temperatures in an eruptive volcano

• Project/Area Number: 26610181
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Geochemistry/Cosmochemistry
• Research Institution: Nagoya University
• Principal Investigator: Tsunogai Urumu 名古屋大学, 環境学研究科, 教授 (50313367)
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2016-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2015)
• Budget Amount: ¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
• Keywords: 火山 / 噴気温度 / 噴煙 / 水素 / 同位体組成 / 火山ガス / 航空機 / 質量分析 / 水素同位体 / 遠隔噴気温度測定 / HIReTS / 桜島 / 水素分子

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We used aircraft to sample the volcanic plume ejected from Sakurajima volcano, where direct measurement of fumarole outlet temperature is impractical, in order to deduce the hydrogen isotopic composition (δD) of fumarolic H2 from excess H2 in the volcanic plume and thus remotely determine the outlet temperature. We successfully estimated that the δD of the fumarolic H2 in September and December 2014 was －135 ± 13‰ and －113±11‰, respectively, and that the outlet temperature was 1,050 ± 120°C and 1,199 ± 139°C, respectively. Although the temperatures were higher than those determined using infrared (IR) remote sensing, we concluded that they are reliable estimates of the highest fumarole outlet temperatures. Combined with sampling using aircraft, remote temperature-sensing based on the δD of H2 in volcanic plumes can be widely applied to active volcanoes to determine the highest fumarole outlet temperatures.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Chemical and Isotopic Compositions of Hydrothermal Fluids at Snail, Archaean, Pika, and Urashima Sites in the Southern Mariana Trough. (2015)
  • Author(s): Toki, T., J. Ishibashi, T. Noguchi, M. Tawata, U. Tsunogai, T. Yamanaka, and K. Nakamura
  • Journal Title: Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems: TAIGA Concept Volume: 1 Pages: 587-602
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-54865-2_45
  • ISBN: 9784431548645, 9784431548652
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Tarama Knoll: Geochemical and Biological Profiles of Hydrothermal Activity. (2015)
  • Author(s): Yamanaka, T., H. Nagashio, R. Nishio, K. Kondo, T. Noguchi, K. Okamura, T. Nunoura, H. Makita, K. Nakamura, H. Watanabe, K. Inoue, T. Toki, K. Iguchi, U. Tsunogai, R. Nakada, S. Ohshima, S. Toyoda, J. Kawai, N. Yoshida, A. Ijiri, and M. Sunamura
  • Journal Title: Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems: TAIGA Concept Volume: 1 Pages: 497-504
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-54865-2_40
  • ISBN: 9784431548645, 9784431548652
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Hydrothermal plumes in the Gulf of Aden, as characterized from light transmission, Mn, Fe, CH4 and δ13C-CH4 anomalies. (2015)
  • Author(s): Gamo, T., K. Okamura, H. Hatanaka, H. Hasumoto, D. Komatsu, M. Chinen, M. Mori, J. Tanaka, A. Hirota, U. Tsunogai, K. Tamaki
  • Journal Title: Deep-Sea Research Part II Volume: 121 Pages: 62-70
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2015.06.004
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Chemical composition of Hydrothermal fluids in the central and southern Mariana trough backarc basin. (2015)
  • Author(s): Ishibashi, J. U. Tsunogai, T. Toki, N. Ebina, T. Gamo, Y. Sano, H. Masuda, H. Chiba
  • Journal Title: Deep-Sea Research Part II Volume: 121 Pages: 126-136
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2015.06.003
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] 疑心暗鬼を生ず：2015年夏季に桜島・二俣港内で観測された「たぎり」的湧出ガスの起源について (2015)
  • Author(s): 角皆 潤, 中川書子, 高橋 浩, 風早竜之介, 篠原宏志, 山中寿朗
  • Organizer: 2015年度質量分析学会同位体比部会
  • Place of Presentation: 滋賀県大津市湯の宿木もれび
  • Year and Date: 2015-11-25
• [Presentation] 噴煙の安定同位体組成を利用した桜島火山の遠隔噴気温度測定 (2015)
  • Author(s): 角皆 潤, 程 林, 池谷 康祐, 小松 大祐, 中川 書子, 篠原 宏志
  • Organizer: 2015年度日本地球化学会第62回年会
  • Place of Presentation: 横浜国立大学
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-16
• [Presentation] 噴煙中の水素の同位体組成を利用した桜島における遠隔噴気温度測定 (2015)
  • Author(s): 角皆 潤, 程 林, 池谷 康祐, 小松 大祐, 中川 書子, 篠原 宏志
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2015年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 幕張メッセ国際会議場
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-24
• [Presentation] 火山から放出される噴煙の中の水蒸気の安定同位体比分析 (2014)
  • Author(s): 角皆 潤, 程 林, 池谷 康祐, 中川 書子, 小松 大祐, 栗田 直幸, 大場 武
  • Organizer: 2014年度質量分析学会同位体比部会
  • Place of Presentation: 筑波山温泉旅館一望
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-26 – 2014-11-28
• [Presentation] 同位体分別を利用した地球環境科学の基礎と応用 (2014)
  • Author(s): 角皆 潤
  • Organizer: 第9回日本地球化学会ショートコース
  • Place of Presentation: 富山大学
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-15
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 噴煙中に含まれる微量気体成分の安定同位体を指標に用いた活動的火山における噴気の遠隔温度推定. SVC55-P20, (2014)
  • Author(s): 小松 大祐, 角皆 潤, 中川 書子
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2014年大会
  • Place of Presentation: パシフィコ横浜
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-28 – 2014-05-02