| Budget Amount *help |
¥25,220,000 (Direct Cost: ¥19,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥5,820,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥17,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,020,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In this study, we studied the Na+ transport mechanism of light-driven Na+ pump rhodopsin (NaR) by functional assay of amino-acid mutant, flash photolysis, FTIR and X-ray crystallographic analysis. The results revealed that the opening of the gate for Na+ uptake with H+ transfer from the Schiff-base of chromophore retinal to Asp116 after photo-excitation, and the following Na+ binding in the protein is important for Na+-transport function. The site-directed mutation of Na+-uptake site whose structure was revealed in the crystallographic analysis achieved the creation of novel K+ pump and Cs+ pumps. Furthermore, we identified new NaRs which show photocurrents more than two-times higher in mammalian cells compared to the previously reported NaR.
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