International Law of Maritime Security: Towards the Realization of Human Secuirty at Sea

• Project/Area Number: 26780027
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: International law
• Research Institution: Chuo University (2019); Musashino University (2014-2018)
• Principal Investigator: Kojima Chie 中央大学, 法学部, 教授 (90711200)
• Project Period (FY): 2015-03-01 – 2020-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
• Budget Amount: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
• Keywords: 海上安全保障 / 人間の安全保障 / 国際法 / 海洋法 / 海上法執行 / 国際法学

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study examined contemporary maritime security challenges from the perspective of human security at sea. In particular, it analysed non-traditional maritime security threats caused by increased transnational activities of individuals and global environmental threats. It discussed whether the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea can evolve through interpretation by taking into account relevant international law such as international environmental law and international human rights law. It also submitted that human security at sea can be better achieved with the involvement of civil society in implementing relevant international law.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は，海上安全保障問題を海洋における人間の安全保障問題として捉え直し，今日の社会的文脈に照らして国連海洋法条約を発展的に解釈することの意義や、国家主体と非国家主体が連携することの意義について考察することによって、従来の国際法へのアプローチに新しい視座を与えるものである。同時に、国境を越える個人や企業の活動の取締り、海洋における人権の保護、グローバルな環境問題に対処するための海洋法理論や海洋法政策への手がかりとなることを期待する。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Legal Structures of Marine Protected Areas in Japan (2020)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Journal Title: Asia-Pacific Journal of Ocean Law and Policy Volume: 5(1)
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Japan's Practice regarding the Regulation on Navigation of Foreign Vessels (2019)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Journal Title: Regulation on Navigation of Foreign Vessels: Asia-Pacific State Practice Volume: n/a Pages: 34-51
  • DOI: 10.1163/9789004396272_004
  • ISBN: 9789004396265, 9789004396272
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The Duty to Cooperate in the Protection and Preservation of the Marine Environment (2019)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Journal Title: Cooperation and Engagement in the South China Sea and Asia Pacific Region Volume: n/a Pages: 125-138
  • DOI: 10.1163/9789004412026_010
  • ISBN: 9789004412026, 9789004412019
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The Use of Force in Turnback Operations against Asylum Seekers' Boats and International Law (2018)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Journal Title: Hypotheses Volume: n/a
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Climate Change and the Protection of the Marine Environment: Food Security, Evolutionary Interpretation, and the Novel Application of Dispute Settlement Mechanisms under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (2018)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Journal Title: Global Environmental Change and Innovation in International Law Volume: n/a Pages: 138-158
  • DOI: 10.1017/9781108526081.009
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A Human Rights Perspective on the Protection of Coastal Ecosystems from Land-based Marine Pollution under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (2018)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Journal Title: The Marine Environment and United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 14: Life below Water Volume: n/a Pages: 309-320
  • DOI: 10.1163/9789004366619_021
  • ISBN: 9789004366619, 9789004364202
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Maritime Law Enforcement in Japan (2018)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Journal Title: Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law Volume: 6(2) Issue: 2 Pages: 117-133
  • DOI: 10.1163/22134484-12340109
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Maritime Security Implications of Climate Change and the Arctic under International Law: A Japanese Perspective (2017)
  • Author(s): 小島千枝
  • Journal Title: Japanischer Vorkaempfer fuer die Rechtsordnung des 21. Jahrhunderts: Festschrift fuer Koresuke Yamauchi Volume: n/a Pages: 273-283
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Japan's Legal Regime for Preventing and Controlling Accidental Discharges of Oil and Hazardous and Noxious Substances from Ships and Offshore Facilities (2017)
  • Author(s): 小島千枝
  • Journal Title: Marine Pollution Contingency Planning: State Practice in Asia-Pacific States Volume: n/a Pages: 83-97
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] South China Sea Arbitration and the Protection of the Marine Environment:Evolution of UNCLOS Part XII through Interpretation and the Duty to Cooperate (2017)
  • Author(s): 小島千枝
  • Journal Title: Asian Yearbook of International Law Volume: 2015 Pages: 166-180
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in Japan (2016)
  • Author(s): 小島千枝
  • Journal Title: Asia-Pacific and the Implementation of the Law of the Sea Volume: 1 Pages: 34-52
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Modern Slavery and the Law of the Sea: Towards Effective Implementation of SDG 8.7 at Sea (2019)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Organizer: The 8th Ocean Law and Governance International Symposium on “Rule of Law and the Law of the Sea”
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Transboundary Fisheries Management in Japan (2019)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Organizer: 7th Asia Pacific Ocean Law Institutions Alliance (APOLIA) Conference
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Overview of Maritime Security Challenges in Northeast Asia (2019)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Organizer: The 7th Asia-Pacific/Arctic Maritime Security Forum, Ocean Governance in Asia-Pacific and the Arctic
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Underwater Noise Pollution and UNCLOS: The Case of Seismic Surveys (2019)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Organizer: How Healthy is the Ocean’s Constitution? 25 Years of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Hamburg University
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Coastal States’ Responsibilities in the Conservation and Management of Transboundary Fisheries: The Japanese Context (2019)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Organizer: Canadian-Japanese Scholarly Exchange on the Law of the Sea, Dalhousie University, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 海の騒音と国際法 (2019)
  • Author(s): 小島千枝
  • Organizer: 中央大学国際関係法研究会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] The Duty to Cooperate in the Protection and Preservation of the Marine Environment (2018)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Organizer: Cooperation and Engagement in the Asia Pacific Region, Center for Ocean Law and Policy, University of Virginia School of Law
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Marine Protected Areas in Japan (2018)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Organizer: 6th Asia Pacific Ocean Law Institutions Alliance (APOLIA) Conference
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Complementary Roles and Functions of Japan Coast Guard and Maritime Self-Defense Force in Law Enforcement at Sea (2017)
  • Author(s): 小島千枝
  • Organizer: アジア太平洋海洋法研究所合同国際会議
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] The Use of Force in Turnback Operations against Boat People and International Law (2017)
  • Author(s): 小島千枝
  • Organizer: 第６回アジア国際法学会ソウル大会
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Privatization of the Law of the Sea (2016)
  • Author(s): 小島千枝
  • Organizer: 第12回ヨーロッパ国際法学会リガ大会
  • Place of Presentation: ラトビア、リガ
  • Year and Date: 2016-09-10
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Climate Change and International Law on Maritime Security (2016)
  • Author(s): 小島千枝
  • Organizer: 第6回4学会国際会議
  • Place of Presentation: カナダ、ウォータールー
  • Year and Date: 2016-07-21
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Maritime Security Effects of Climate Change on Oceans and the Arctic (2016)
  • Author(s): 小島千枝
  • Organizer: 国際ガバナンスイノベーションセンター（CIGI）国際シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: カナダ、ウォータールー
  • Year and Date: 2016-07-20
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Regulation of Navigation of Foreign Vessels in Japan (2016)
  • Author(s): 小島千枝
  • Organizer: アジア太平洋海洋法研究所合同国際会議
  • Place of Presentation: 中国、舟山
  • Year and Date: 2016-06-22
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Responding to Marine Pollution Incidents in Japan (2015)
  • Author(s): Chie Kojima
  • Organizer: 3rd Asia Pacific Ocean Law Institutions Alliance (APOLIA) Conference
  • Place of Presentation: Busan, Korea
  • Year and Date: 2015-04-27
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Book] Asia-Pacific and the Implementation of the Law of the Sea: Regional Legislative and Policy Approaches to the Law of the Sea Convention (2016)
  • Author(s): Seokwoo Lee & Warwick Gullett eds
  • Total Pages: 220
  • Publisher: Brill