Development of preschoolers' abilities to communicate with others using questions

• Project/Area Number: 26780417
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Experimental psychology
• Research Institution: Otemon Gakuin University (2015-2017); Kobe University (2014)
• Principal Investigator: OKANDA Mako 追手門学院大学, 心理学部, 准教授 (90725996)
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2018-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2017)
• Budget Amount: ¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000); Fiscal Year 2016: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
• Keywords: 肯定バイアス / コミュニケーション / 言語発達 / 反応バイアス / 意図理解 / 言語コミュニケーション / 質問理解 / コミュニケーション発達 / 言語質問 / 文化差 / ハンガリー

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study investigated whether preschoolers exhibit a yes or nay-saying bias to yes-no questions. Japanese and Hungarian 2- and 3-year-olds exhibited a yes bias to various questions, whereas older preschoolers exhibit a yes or nay-saying bias depending on questions or questioners. Moreover, Japanese and Hungarian older preschoolers said "I don't know" when they did not know answers of the questions: this tendency was different from that of English-speaking children.

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] Eotvos Lorand University(Hungary)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Portsmouth(英国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Sheridan College(Canada)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Eotvos Lorand University(Hungary)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Paris Descartes(France)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University Paris Descartes(フランス)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Eotvos Lorand University(ハンガリー)
• [Journal Article] I hear your yes‐no questions: Children's response tendencies to a humanoid robot (2018)
  • Author(s): Mako Okanda, Yue Zhou, Takayuki Kanda, Hiroshi Ishiguro, Shoji Itakura
  • Journal Title: Infant and Child Development Volume: online Issue: 3
  • DOI: 10.1002/icd.2079
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Response Tendencies of Four-Year-Old Children to Communicative and Non-Communicative Robots (2016)
  • Author(s): Mako Okanda, Yue Zhou, Takayuki Kanda, Hiroshi Ishiguro, Shoji Itakura
  • Journal Title: HAI '16 Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Human Agent Interaction Volume: - Pages: 321-324
  • DOI: 10.1145/2974804.2980490
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Do preschoolers say “yes” to unfair sharing? (2017)
  • Author(s): Mako Okanda
  • Organizer: 18th European Conference on Developmental Psychology,
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 社会的圧力と肯定バイアスの関連I (2017)
  • Author(s): 大神田麻子
  • Organizer: 日本心理学会第81回大会
• [Presentation] Preschoolers' responses to yes-no questions (2016)
  • Author(s): Mako Okanda
  • Organizer: International Interdisciplinary Workshop "Moral Machines: Developments and Relations Nanotechnologies and Hybridity"
  • Place of Presentation: UNESCO, Paris, France
  • Year and Date: 2016-05-18
• [Presentation] 就学前児の反応バイアス (2016)
  • Author(s): 大神田麻子
  • Organizer: 日本発達心理学会第27回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 北海道大学
  • Year and Date: 2016-04-29
• [Presentation] 就学前児のコミュニケーション能力の発達 (2015)
  • Author(s): 大神田麻子
  • Organizer: 日本心理学会第79回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋国際会議場（愛知）
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-23
• [Presentation] How do preschoolers answer yes-no questions? (2015)
  • Author(s): Mako Okanda
  • Organizer: The British Psychological Society, Developmental Section & Social Section Annual Conference
  • Place of Presentation: The Palace Hotel, Manchester
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-09
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 日本の子どもはなぜ「分からない」反応を好むのか？ －日本の大人による「分からない」反応の評価について― (2015)
  • Author(s): 大神田麻子
  • Organizer: 日本発達心理学会第26回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京大学
  • Year and Date: 2015-03-20 – 2015-03-22
• [Remarks] 追手門学院大学 研究者総覧
  • URL: https://www.gyoseki.otemon.ac.jp/oguhp/KgApp?kyoinId=ymdbgyosggy
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www6.plala.or.jp/hattatsu/