Demographics and physics of active supermassive black holes

• Project/Area Number: 26800098
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Astronomy
• Research Institution: National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (2016); The University of Tokyo (2014-2015)
• Principal Investigator: Andreas Schulze 国立天文台, 光赤外研究部, 特別客員研究員 (60721842)
• Project Period (FY): 2014-04-01 – 2017-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2016)
• Budget Amount: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000); Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000); Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
• Keywords: supermassive black holes / AGN / AGN evolution / quasars / SMBH growth / AGN feedback / AGN downsizing

Outline of Final Research Achievements

My goals are to improve our understanding of the phenomenon of active supermassive black holes (AGN) and the relation to their host galaxies. For the latter, I obtained a precise census of active black holes in respect to their most fundamental properties, their black hole masses and to the rate at which they accrete matter. We showed that for active black holes their mass is the main parameter to control their evolution with cosmic time. I have estimated black hole masses and accretion rates for a large sample of moderate luminosity AGN in the COSMOS field from near-IR spectroscopy and will soon provide our results to the community.
I provided new observational results on the origin of radio-loudness of AGN, i.e. why have some AGN strong relativistic jets, while the majority do not? Based on a large statistical sample we found observational evidence that the spin of the black hole, i.e. the speed of its rotation, is an essential factor, as long suggested by theoretical models.

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] MPE, Garching/AIP, Potsdam/MPIA, Heidelberg(Germany)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Durham University(英国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] NAOC, Beijing(China)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Texas at Austin, Austin/Penn State University, State College(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] CEFCA, Teruel(Spain)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Texas at Austin(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] MPE/European Southern Observatory(Germany)
• [Int'l Joint Research] INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma(Italy)
• [Journal Article] A new quadruple gravitational lens from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey: the puzzle of HSC J115252+004733 (2017)
  • Author(s): More, A., More, S. (8th author in 19 authors) et. al
  • Journal Title: MNRAS Volume: 465 Issue: 2 Pages: 2411-2419
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw2924
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs). II. Discovery of 32 Quasars and Luminous Galaxies at 5.7 < z < 6.8 (2017)
  • Author(s): Matsuoka, Yoshiki; Onoue, Masafusa; Kashikawa, Nobunari; Iwasawa, Kazushi; Strauss, Michael A.; Nagao, Tohru; Imanishi, Masatoshi; Lee, Chien-Hsiu et al. (incl. Schulze, A.)
  • Journal Title: PASJ (HSC special issue), submitted, arXiv:1704.05854 Volume: 印刷中
• [Journal Article] The Quasar Luminosity Function at Redshift 4 with Hyper Suprime-Cam Wide Survey (2017)
  • Author(s): Akiyama, Masayuki; He, Wanqiu; Ikeda, Hiroyuki; Niida, Mana; Nagao, Tohru et al. (incl. Schulze, A.)
  • Journal Title: PASJ (HSC special issue), submitted, arXiv:1704.05996 Volume: 印刷中
• [Journal Article] Clustering of quasars in a wide luminosity range at redshift 4 with Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam wide field imaging (2017)
  • Author(s): He, Wanqiu; Akiyama, Masayuki et al. (incl. Schulze, A.)
  • Journal Title: PASJ (HSC special issue), submitted, arXiv:1704.08461 Volume: 印刷中
• [Journal Article] X-ray constraints on the fraction of obscured AGN at high accretion luminosities (2017)
  • Author(s): A. Georgakakis, M. Salvato, Z. Liu, J. Buchner, W. N. Brandt, T. Tasnim Ananna, A. Schulze, Yue Shen, S. LaMassa, K. Nandra, A. Merloni, I. D. McGreer
  • Journal Title: MNRAS accepted, arXiv:1704.08296 Volume: 印刷中
• [Journal Article] Observational constraints on the specific accretion-rate distribution of X-ray selected AGN (2017)
  • Author(s): A. Georgakakis, J. Aird, A. Schulze, T. Dwelly, M. Salvato, K. Nandra, A. Merloni, D. P. Schneider
  • Journal Title: MNRAS submitted, arXiv:1705.01133 Volume: 印刷中
• [Journal Article] AGN host galaxy mass function in COSMOS. Is AGN feedback responsible for the mass-quenching of galaxies? (2016)
  • Author(s): Bongiorno, A.; Schulze, A.; Merloni, A.; Zamo rani, G.; Ilbert, O.; La Franca, F.; Peng, Y.; Piconcelli, E.; Mainieri, V.; Silverman, J. D.; Brusa, M.; Fiore, F.; Salvato, M.; Scoville, N.
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: 588 Pages: 78-92
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201527436
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] The FMOS-COSMOS survey of star-forming galaxies at z～1.6 III. Survey design, performance and sample characteristics (2015)
  • Author(s): J. D. Silverman, D. Kashino, D. Sanders, J. S. Kartaltepe, N. Arimoto, A. Renzini, G. Rodighiero, E. Daddi, J. Zahid, T. Nagao, L. J. Kewley, S. J. Lilly, N. Sugiyama, I. Baronchelli, P. Capak, C. M. Carollo, J. Chu, G. Hasinger, O. Ilbert, S. Juneau, M. Kajisawa, A. M. Koekemoer, K. Kovac, O. Le Fevre, et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Volume: Volume 220, Number 1 Issue: 1 Pages: 12-36
  • DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/220/1/12
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] The cosmic growth of the active black hole population at 1 <z <2 in zCOSMOS, VVDS and SDSS (2015)
  • Author(s): Schulze, A.; Bongiorno, A.; Gavignaud, I.; Schramm, M.; Silverman, J.; Merloni, A.; Zamorani, G.; Hirschmann, M.; Mainieri, V.; Wisotzki, L.; Shankar, F.; Fiore, F.; Koekemoer, A. M.; Temporin, G.
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 447 Issue: 3 Pages: 2085-2111
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stu2549
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: No Evidence for Evolution in the M-sigma Relation to z～1 (2015)
  • Author(s): Shen,Yue; Greene,Jenny E.; Ho,Luis C.; Brandt,W. N.; Denney,Kelly D.; Horne,Keith; Jiang,Linhua; Kochanek,Christopher S.; McGreer,Ian D.; Merloni,Andrea; Peterson,Bradley M.; Petitjean,Patrick; Schneider,Donald P.; Schulze,Andreas; Strauss,Michael A.; Tao,Charling; Trump,Jonathan R.; Pan,Kaike; Bizyaev,Dmitry
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 印刷中
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] The dark matter haloes of moderate luminosity X-ray AGN as determined from weak gravitational lensing and host stellar masses (2015)
  • Author(s): Leauthaud, Alexie; J. Benson, Andrew; Civano, Francesca; L. Coil, Alison; Bundy, Kevin; Massey, Richard; Schramm, Malte; Schulze, Andreas; Capak, Peter; Elvis, Martin; Kulier, Andrea; Rhodes, Jason
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 446 Issue: 2 Pages: 1874-1888
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stu2210
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] The MBH-M* relation for X-ray-obscured, red QSOs at 1.2 < z < 2.6 (2014)
  • Author(s): Bongiorno, A.; Maiolino, R.; Brusa, M.; Marconi, A.; Piconcelli, E.; Lamastra, A.; Cano-Diaz, M.; Schulze, A.; Magnelli, B.; Vignali, C.; Fiore, F.; Menci, N.; Cresci, G.; La Franca, F.; Merloni, A.
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 443 Issue: 3 Pages: 2077-2091
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stu1248
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Presentation] New constraints on the black hole spin in radio-loud quasars (2017)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: SHAO Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: SHAO, Shanghai, China
  • Year and Date: 2017-03-10
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] New constraints on the black hole spin in radio-loud quasars (2017)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: KIAA Lunch talk
  • Place of Presentation: KIAA, Beijing, China
  • Year and Date: 2017-03-08
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Tracing the growth of supermassive black holes over cosmic time (2017)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: NAOC Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: NAOC, Beijing, China
  • Year and Date: 2017-03-07
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Supermassive black hole growth and black hole-galaxy co-evolution (2017)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: IoA Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: Institute of Astronomy, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2017-01-26
• [Presentation] Supermassive black hole growth and black hole-galaxy co-evolution (2016)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: ASIAA Colloquium
  • Place of Presentation: ASIAA, Taipei, Taiwan
  • Year and Date: 2016-12-07
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The HETDEX survey and the growth history of black holes (2016)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: CEFCA Colloquium
  • Place of Presentation: CEFCA, Teruel, Spain
  • Year and Date: 2016-09-12
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Insight into the fueling and feedback of AGN through their mass functions and accretion rate distribution functions (2016)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: "Crossing the Rubicon: The fate of gas flows in galaxies"
  • Place of Presentation: Santarcangelo di Romagna, Italy
  • Year and Date: 2016-09-05
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Evolution of the stellar mass function and specific accretion rate distribution function of X-ray AGN in COSMOS (2016)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: "Active Galactic Nuclei: what's in a name?"
  • Place of Presentation: ESO, Garching, Germany
  • Year and Date: 2016-06-27
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The evolution of the mass functions of active supermassive black holes and their host galaxies out to z~2 (2016)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: BOSS Lunch Talk
  • Place of Presentation: LBNL, Berkeley, USA
  • Year and Date: 2016-05-04
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The evolution of the mass functions of active supermassive black holes and their host galaxies out to z~2 (2016)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: ISAS Astrophysics Colloquium
  • Place of Presentation: ISAS/JAXA, Sagamihara, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2016-04-21
  • Invited
• [Presentation] The evolution of the mass functions of active supermassive black holes and their host galaxies out to z～2 (2015)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: NAOJ Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: NAOJ, Tokyo, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2015-11-20
• [Presentation] The evolution of the mass functions of active supermassive black holes and their host galaxies out to z～2 (2015)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: Tsukuba Uchu Forum
  • Place of Presentation: University of Tsukuba; Tsukuba, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2015-11-11
• [Presentation] The evolution of the mass functions of active SMBHs and their host galaxies out to z～2 (2015)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: Workshop "Demographics and environment of AGN from multi-wavelength surveys"
  • Place of Presentation: Center Of Mediterranean Architecture, Chania, Greece
  • Year and Date: 2015-09-21
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The cosmic growth of the active black hole population (2015)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: Guilermo Haro Workshop "Forming and fueling supermassive black hole seeds"
  • Place of Presentation: The National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics, Puebla, Mexico
  • Year and Date: 2015-07-06
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] A demographic view on the active black hole growth history out to z=2 (2015)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: Subaru Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: Hilo Base Facility, Hawaii, USA
  • Year and Date: 2015-05-19
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The cosmic growth of the active black hole population (2015)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: Conference “Unveiling the AGN-galaxy evolution connection”
  • Place of Presentation: Puerto Varas, Chile
  • Year and Date: 2015-03-09 – 2015-03-13
• [Presentation] The cosmic growth of the active black hole population out to z=2 (2015)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: OAR Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: INAF-OAR, Rome, Italy
  • Year and Date: 2015-02-03
• [Presentation] The cosmic growth of the active black hole population out to z=2 (2015)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: INAF-OABO Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna, Italy
  • Year and Date: 2015-01-28
• [Presentation] The cosmic growth of the active black hole population out to z=2 (2015)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: MPE High-Energy Group Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: MPE, Garching, Germany
  • Year and Date: 2015-01-26
• [Presentation] The cosmic growth of the active black hole population (2015)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: MPIA Galaxy Coffee
  • Place of Presentation: MPIA, Heidelberg, Germany
  • Year and Date: 2015-01-22
• [Presentation] The cosmic growth of the active black hole population (2014)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: Workshop “Evolution of SMBHs with HSC: First results from initial dataset”
  • Place of Presentation: ASIAA, Taipei, Taiwan
  • Year and Date: 2014-12-18 – 2014-12-20
• [Presentation] The cosmic growth of the active black hole population (2014)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: Workshop “AGN versus star formation: the fate of the gas in galaxies”
  • Place of Presentation: Durham, United Kingdom
  • Year and Date: 2014-07-28 – 2014-08-01
• [Presentation] HETDEX: AGN-galaxy clustering at 2<z<3.5 (2014)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: Workshop "Clustering Measurements of Active Galactic Nuclei"
  • Place of Presentation: European Southern Observatory, Garching, Germany
  • Year and Date: 2014-07-14 – 2014-07-18
• [Presentation] The cosmic growth of the active black hole population (2014)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: Seminar
  • Place of Presentation: ETH Zuerich, Zuerich, Swiss
  • Year and Date: 2014-07-11
• [Presentation] The cosmic growth of the active black hole population (2014)
  • Author(s): Andreas Schulze
  • Organizer: Kavli IPMU Focus week Workshop on Hyper-accretion
  • Place of Presentation: Kavli IPMU, Kashiwa, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-07 – 2014-04-11