| Budget Amount *help |
¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
What is the legal effect of international norms in domestic constitutional systems? In order to answer to this question, this research comparatively analyzed the competence of implementing international norms in the U.S., U.K., French, German, Chinese, and Japanese constitutional systems.
Through this comparative analysis, this research proposed and elaborated a framework of domestic effect of international norms: (1) narrow direct application, (2) judicial review, and (3) persuasive authority, instead of traditional dichotomy of direct and indirect application.
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