| Budget Amount *help |
¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This research aimed to clarify the influence which the so-called "Judging-Process-Review"(JPR) of legislative discretion had upon the constitutional theory. First, according to the JPR, not substantive contradiction between the Constitutional law and statutes, but the "procedural" factor -whether the Congress made effort or not- during legislation is relevant in judicial review. Second, the "Vertretbarkeitskontrolle" in the jurisprudence of The Federal Constitutional Court of Germany, which some scholar says the JPR is similar to, is used with the substantive scrutiny (the principle of proportionality). Finally, adopting JPR approach will make us reconsider the concepts "unconstitutionality", "right", and "discretion"- For example, does the effort of the Congress justify substantive contradiction between the Constitutional law and statutes? Can we think the effort of the Congress as the justification of infringements on rights under the concept "right"?
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