| Project/Area Number |
58410002
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Psychology
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| Research Institution | Osaka University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
1983 – 1985
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1985)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥8,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1985: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1984: ¥1,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1983: ¥6,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,100,000)
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| Keywords | Jananese monkey / life-span development / ethology / mother-infant relationship solitalization / 周辺化 / 老化 / 集団離脱 |
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| Research Abstract |
We have been doing researches on a free-ranging group of Japanese monkeys at Katsuyama in Okayama Prefecture for about thirty years. On the basis of these works, we aimed at systematic descriptions of behaviors of monkeys covering from infant to old, and at clarifying life-span development in Japanese monkeys. Because it was difficult to obtain longitudinal data covering whole life-span development in Japanese monkeys because of their long life, we described cross-sectionally their life-span development. We also adopted a longitudinal analysis on the basis of our previous surveys for each age class.
Our major results were as follows:
1. Early mother-infant relationship: Inter-indepency of mothers and their infants spurted drastically twice in the first year of infants' life, and it was prompted mainly by the mothers. Changes in infants' nutrition, i.e., from mothers' milk to solid food is assumed to lie under this course.
2. Social relationship of infants and juveniles: After losing an entire dependency to their mothers, infants seeked for interactions especially to peers other than to their mothers. This inclination may promote infants' separation from their mothers. Female infants developped co-feeding relationship with particular adult males by two years old.
3. Inter-individual relationship of subadult males and firstly pregnant females: Subadult males gradually left their native group. Dominance rank and kinship are assumed to influence their process of solitalization. While, adult females remained in the same group for breeding.
4. Social relationship of adult females in perinatal period: Low-ranking females tended to raise their grooming status after their delivery.
5. Reproductive activity and aging: Old adult females lost their reproductivity drastically after twenty-one years old.
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