| Project/Area Number |
59065004
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Institution | Kyoto University |
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Principal Investigator |
ISE Norio Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, 工学部, 教授 (00025868)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SOGAMI Ikuo Department of Physics, Kyoto Sangyo University, 理学部, 教授 (20065832)
OKUBO Tsuneo Department of Polymer Chemistry, Kyoto University, 工学部, 助教授 (70026194)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1984 – 1986
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1988)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥252,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥252,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1986: ¥74,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥74,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1985: ¥69,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥69,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1984: ¥109,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥109,000,000)
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| Keywords | X-ray Scattering / Ultamicorscope / Ionic Polymers / Protein Ions / Latex Particles / Ordered Structure / Brownian Motion / パラクリスタル / 高分子電解質溶液 / 高分子ラテックス / X線小角散乱 / パラクリスタル理論 / 画像処理 |
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| Research Abstract |
x-ray scattering and ultramicrosopic studies were carried out for dilute solutions of various ionic species such as proteins, polynucleotide, ionic detergent micelles, and synthetic macroions in solutions. When the concentration of macroions and the molecular weight were reasonably high, when the concentration of coexisting salt is sufficiently low, and when the solute was electrically charged, the scattering curve gave a single peak for ionic macroion systems. Mixing of two molecular-weight samples of synthetic macroions gave a new peak at a position different from those of the mother fraction before mixing. This indicated that the scattering peak was caused by intermolecularly ordered arrangement of the macroions. The Bragg spacing was found smaller than the average intermacroion spacing when the macroions were charged, indicating the localized ordering due to intermacroionic attraction. Theoretical consideration showed that the arrangement involved so large paracrystalline distortion that higher-order peaks were indiscernible. The ultramicroscopic study furnished a most direct evidence of the particle ordering. At low concentrations, localized ordered regions were observed to coexist with disordered ones, confirming the presence of interparticle attraction. The thermal motion of the particles in the ordered regions and the free motion of disordered particles were analyzed. The Fourier transform of the micrographs was carried out to obtain the scattering patterns. The attraction was demonstrated theoretically to be due to counterions between the macroions, in contradiction to the widely accepted point of view.
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