| Project/Area Number |
59430021
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
製造化学・食品
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| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
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Principal Investigator |
MIZUTANI Junya Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University Prof., 農学部, 教授 (50014923)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
TAHARA Satoshi Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University Associate Prof., 農学部, 助教授 (50001475)
KASAI Takanori Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University Associate Prof., 農学部, 助教授 (80001444)
SAKAMURA Sadao Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University Prof., 農学部, 教授 (10001372)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1984 – 1986
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1986)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥32,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥32,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1986: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1985: ¥6,400,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,400,000)
Fiscal Year 1984: ¥25,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥25,500,000)
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| Keywords | Biorational Pest Control / Plant Growth Inhibitors / Fungitoxic Substances / Cyclopentanoid Sesquiterpenes / <gamma> -Glutamyl Peptides / Canavanine / Isoflavones / ファイトアレキシン / 植物病原菌 / γ-Glu誘導体 / 自己防衛的能力 |
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| Research Abstract |
1. Hirsutin ( <1!wave> ), a mustard oil of Rorippa sylvestris (Cruciferae) exhibited the plant growth inhibitory activity. We investigated the structure-activity relationships of <1!wave> and related compounds (29 compounds in all), and it has been shown that <1!wave> may be a lead compound for the development of herbicides. Lichenic acids (3 phenolic acids and 6 depsides) isolated from Usnea spp. (Lecanorales) showed the plant growth inhibitory activity.
2. New fungitoxic cyclopentanoid sesquiterpenes (6 compounds), new oxidized C-18 unsaturated fatty acids (6 compounds), oxidized C-9 <to> C-11 fatty acids and hydroxydi-hydrobovolide have been isolated from timothy choke caused by Epichloe typhina. Antifungal, and plant seed germination and growth inhibitory activities of these compounds were tested. The timothy plant infected by E. typhina has been found to be resistant against another timothy leaf spot disease pathogen, Cladosporium phlei, and the resistant mechanism was discussed in
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connection with these antifungal compounds. The above-mentioned compounds were also suggested to cause the inhibition of coming into ears of the infected timothy plants.
3. Eight <gamma> -glutamyl peptides were isolated from the bulbs of Allium bakeri (Liliaceae). The canavanine content of alfalfa seeds rather increased during germination contrary to the knowledge from literature. The insecticidal and antimicrobial activities of <gamma> -glutamyl peptides, canavanine and related compounds were tested, but no compounds were found to show remarkable activities.
4. New complex isoflavones (6 compounds), coumaronochromones (6 compounds) and 5-o-methylisoflavones (5 compounds) were isolated from yellow and white lupins. Five pterocarpans including one new compound and new four 3-hydroxyflavanones as phytoalexins were found in two species (Leguminosae), respectively. Furthermore, metabolic pathways of fungitoxic prenylated isoflavones by fungi were studied, and it was suggested that the chemical defense mechanism against pathogens in the lupins might be broken down through the detoxification of antifungal compounds by fungi. Less
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