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Initiation of voluntary movement and cerebro-cerebellar neuronal circuit

Research Project

Project/Area Number 59440023
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Neurophysiology and muscle physiology
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

SASAKI Kazuo  Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Professor, 医学部, 教授 (20025539)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) MIZUNO Noboru  Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Professor, 医学部, 教授 (10025596)
GEMBA Hisae  Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Lecturer, 医学部, 講師 (00108987)
Project Period (FY) 1984 – 1986
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1986)
Budget Amount *help
¥19,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥19,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1986: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1985: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1984: ¥16,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥16,000,000)
KeywordsVoluntary Movement / Cerebrocerebellar Neuronal Circuit / Local Cooling / Cortical Field Potential / サル / 隨意運動
Research Abstract

Mechanisms of initiation, control and learning of voluntary movements were investigated by using monkeys (Macaca fuscata). They were trained with visually-initiated, reaction-time hand movements and field potentials in the cerebral cortex and the cerebellar cortex associated with the movement were recorded and analysed with electrodes chronically implanted in these cortices. Also a local cooling method was applied to different areas of the cerebral cortex, and changes of the movement and cortical field potentials were explored during the cooling. Results will be summarized as below.
1. Characteristic field potentials prior to the movement were recorded respectively in the prefrontal, premotor, motor, somatosensory, prestriate, striate cortex etc. Increasing activities of the prefrontal, especially "prearcuate", and the premotor cortices appeared to correlate to "recognition learning" associating the visual stimulus to the movement. Recruitment of the cerebro-cerebellar interaction was a … More ttributed to attaining "skill learning" improving the timing of reaction-time movement.
2. Chronic recording from the cerebellar cortex, particularly the crus <II> of the cerebellar hemisphere, revealed that mossy fibre responses are induced at a latency of about 50 ms after the onset of visual stimulus. This is consistent with the assumption that the prefrontal and premotor cortices activate the cerebellum and in turn excite the motor cortex to execute the movement. The mossy fibre response was found to increase in accordance with the learning processes in agreement with the results of field potential analyses in the cerebral cortical areas.
3. Temporal local cooling of the forelimb motor cortex resulted in weakness and slowness of the reaction-time movement on the contralateral side. Analyses revealed that the compensatory motor function of the somatosensory cortex contributes to the execution of the movement during the motor cortex cooling although weak and slow.
4. Local cooling of the premotor cortex dissociated the aquired visuo-motor integration, and also made reaction times longer and more variable. The prearcuate area cooling induced only the latter effect of the premotor cortex cooling. The higher integrative function of other areas in the prefrontal cortex was investigated and results inspiring further studies were obtained. Less

Report

(2 results)
  • 1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • 1985 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (17 results)

All Other

All Publications (17 results)

  • [Publications] Sasaki,K.;Gemba,H.: Exp.Brain Res.55. 60-68 (1984)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sasaki,K.;Gemba,H.: Exp.Brain Res.56. 532-538 (1984)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sasaki,K.;Gemba,H: Brain Res.374. 278-286 (1986)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sasaki,K.;Gemba,H.: Exp.Brain Res.64. 603-606 (1986)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Gemba,H.;Sasaki,K.: Exp.Brain Res.(1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sasaki,K.;Gemba,H.: Brain Res.(1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sasaki,K.: "Cerebro-cerebellar interactions and organization of a fast and stable hand movement:cerebellar participation in voluntary movement and motor learning,Cerebellar Function,(eds.J.R.Bloedal et al.)" Springer-Verlag, 70-85 (1985)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 佐々木和夫: "随意運動における小脳の役割。小脳の神経学(伊藤,他編)。" 医学書院, 80-101 (1986)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sasaki, K. and Gemba, H.: "Compensatory motor function of the somatosensory cortex for the motor cortex temporarily impaired by cooling in the monkey." Experimental Brain Research. 55. 60-68 (1984)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sasaki, K. and Gemba, H.: "Compensatory motor function of the somatosensory cortex for dysfunction of the motor cortex following cerebellar hemispherectomy in the monkey." Experimental Brain Research. 56. 532-538 (1984)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sasaki, K. and Gemba, H.: "Effects of premotor cortex cooling upon visually initiated hand movements in the monkey." Brain Research. 374. 278-286 (1986)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sasaki, K. and Gemba, H.: "Electrical activity in the prefrontal cortex specific to no-go reaction of conditioned hand movement with colour discrimination in the monkey." Experimental Brain Research. 64. 603-606 (1986)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Gemba, H, and Sasaki, K.: "Cortical field potentials associated with audio-initiated hand movements in the monkey." Experimental Brain Research. in press (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sasaki, K.: Springer-Verlag. Cerebro-cerebellar interactions and organization of a fast and stable hand movement: cerebellar participation in voluntary movement and motor learning. Cerebellar Function (eds. J.R. Bloedel et al), 70-85 (1985)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1986 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Experimental Brain Research. Suppl.10. (1985)

    • Related Report
      1985 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Experimental Brain Research. 58 A1-A17. (1985)

    • Related Report
      1985 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Brain Research. (1986)

    • Related Report
      1985 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1987-03-31   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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