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Studies on the Nutritional Peculiarities of Halophytes with Special Reference to their Agricultural Use

Research Project

Project/Area Number 60480052
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 土壌・肥料
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

TAKAHASHI Eiichi  Professor, Faculty of Agriculture Kyoto University, 農学部, 教授 (40026414)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) MATOH Toru  Instructor, Faculty of Agriculture Kyoto Vniversity, 農学部, 助手 (50157393)
NISHIMURA Kazuo  Instructor, Faculty of Agriculture Kyoto University, 農学部, 助手 (50135547)
KOBAYASHI Michiharu  Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture Kyoto University, 農学部, 助教授 (60026416)
Project Period (FY) 1985 – 1987
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1987)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1987: ¥700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000)
Fiscal Year 1986: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1985: ¥2,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000)
KeywordsHalophyte / Salt tolerance / Euryhaline / Atriplex / Phragmites / Mangrove / Boron / ピルビン酸キナーゼ / ナトリウム吸収
Research Abstract

The study has done under the threemajor research items.
1) Collection and water culture of salt tolerant plants: Native plants growing in the abandoned salt farm and the salt accumulated soil of Thailand, Mangrove forest of Ishigaki Island were sampled and analyzed their mineral composition. Some of them were water cultured and water culture method for Atriplex gmelini (halophytic dicotyledon), Phragmites comunis (euryhaline monocotyledon) and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (mangrove tree) were established.
2) Mechanism of salt tolerance and nutritional peculiarities of halophytes: Atriplex gmelini took up a large amount of Na from the medium and accumulated it in vacuoles. In the cytoplasm, Na concentration was not so high but betain was sccumulated. Thus Atriplex produced the osmotic pressure inside the cell to cope with the high salt concentration in the medium. In the case of Phragmites cumunis however, excessive uptake of Na was suppressed metabolically. Phragmites did not decrease K/Na rati … More o in the cell so much as Atriplex did when the Na concentration in the medium increased. The K requirement of K dependent pyruvate kinase activity was not different between Atriplex and Phragmites. But co-existence of betaine which accumulate in Atriplex cell under high Na concentration media lowered the K requirement of pyruvate kinase of Atriplex. Atriplex had a tolerancy for high concentration of B(boron) in the medium and it seemed one of the physiological characteristics of halophytes which adapted to sea water contained high B.
3) Effect of salt on the fertility of the soil: Among the factors of soil fertility, nitrogen is most important. So the effects of salt on the mineralization of organic nitrogen(ammonification), nitrification and symbiotic nitrogen fixation were examined. NaCl equivalent to sea water did not decrease the rate of ammonification so much, but severely suppressed nitrification. The effect of Nacl on the symbiotic nitrogen fixation showed through the effect on the growth of the host plants and depended on the salt tolerance of Legumes. Less

Report

(2 results)
  • 1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • 1986 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All Other

All Publications (8 results)

  • [Publications] Toru MATOH, et al: Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 32. 451-459 (1986)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toru MATOH, et al: Plant Physiology. 84. 173-177 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 池田順一 他: 日本土壌肥料学雑誌. 58. 53-57 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toru AMTOH, et al: Physiologia Plantarum. 72. (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 高橋英一: "生命にとって塩とは何か" 農山漁村分化協会, 201 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toru MATOH, et al: "Effects of Sodium and Potassium Salts on the Growth of a Halophyte Atriplex gmelini." Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 32. 451-459 (1986)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toru MATOH, et al: "Sodium, Potassium, Chloride and Betain Concentrations in Isolated Vacuoles from Salt-grown Atriplex gemlini Leaves." Plant Physiology. 84. 173-177 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Toru MATOH, et al: "Salt tolerance of the reed plant Phragmites communis" Physiologia Plantarum. 72. (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary

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Published: 1987-03-31   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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