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A Study on General Prevention Theory

Research Project

Project/Area Number 60520030
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Criminal law
Research InstitutionKumamoto University

Principal Investigator

HISATOMO Tanaka  Professer of the Faculty of Law , Kumamoto University, 法学部, 教授 (90039959)

Project Period (FY) 1985 – 1987
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1987)
Budget Amount *help
¥1,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000)
Fiscal Year 1987: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 1986: ¥300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 1985: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
KeywordsGeneral prevention theory / threat prevention Psychological (compulsion) / Positive general prevention theory / General deterrence / Severity, Certainty and Celerity of punishment / Perceptual research on general deterrence / Retribution / 特別予防論 / 刑罰の目的と意味 / 刑罰の犯罪抑止力 / 刑罰の厳格性 / 刑罰の確実性 / 刑罰の規範ならびに社会安定化機能 / 社会統制
Research Abstract

Out of the recent trends on general prevention theory, this paper has examined first the theories of the positive general prevention in West Germany. According to Jakobs, the function of punishment is to maintain social norm which aims to make social contact possible, and punishment is considered the training ofrecognition of norm, namely, the training of reliance on norm, allegiance to law, resignation to result. This depends on Luhmann's social system theory. In short, the main function of criminal law system is to counterfactually maintain the disappointed normative expectations, and to strengthen the allegiance to law at the expense of norm infringers, by which the whole system can be stabilized. Hassemer's theory features the deep indwelling of the limited conception of behavioral retribution. The merits of the positive general prevention theory are the easy insert in the whole conception of social control and the defense of legally protected interest by the conviction of those wh … More o admit law as right. However, this theory lays emphasis on the normative standpoint, that is, on the normative expectations, so that it is open to criticism because of making a wider application of criminal law. Luhmann thinks of the world as only complexity, and therefore cannot necessarily grasp the real society properly. Like threat prevention, to strengthen the normative consciousness of the other people, criminals are apt to be considered tools which produce social or personal profits. It is blamable that Jakobs takes behavioral valuelessness theory. Hassemer's behavioral retribution is doubtful as well. It is partly because criminal acts are not completed in the past, but are related with what is attainable in the future,and partly because act is never to be compared with punishment.
This paper has touched upon the three factors of general deterrence in America, England, and so on. About the relationship between the severity and the certainty of punishment, it indicates that the former alone does not act as a deterrence to crime, but does act together with the latter. This paper deals with the celerity of punishment which has been ignored in the field of general deterrence. Only recently Williams and Hawkins posed an important question to the traditional perceptual research on general deterrence. With this clue to go upon, this paper also treats of the problems about the perceptual research on general deterrence. Less

Report

(2 results)
  • 1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • 1986 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (14 results)

All Other

All Publications (14 results)

  • [Publications] 田中久智: 熊本法学. 49. 285-325 (1986)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 田中久智: 熊本法学. 52. 73-95 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 田中久智: 熊本法学. 53. 93-112 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 田中久智,田中りつ子: 名城法学37巻別冊・西山富夫教授還暦記念論文集. 115-236 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 田中久智: 熊本法学.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hisatomo Tanaka: "Ernst amadeus Wolff's General Prevention Theory ( 1 )" Kumamoto Law Revies ( Kumamoto - Hogaku ). No. 49. 285-325 (1986)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hisatomo Tanaka: "Ernst Amadeus Wolff s General Prevention Theory ( 2 )" Kumamoto Law Review ( Kumamoto - Hogaku ). No. 52. 73-95 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hisatomo Tanaka: "Ernst Amadeus Wolff s General Prevention theory ( 3 )" Kumamoto Law Revies ( Kumamoto - Hogaku ). No. 53. 93-112 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hisatomo Tanaka Ritsuko Tanaka: "A Study on Positive General Prevention Theories." Meijo Hogaku. 37 Separate Vol.115-236 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hisatomo Tanaka Ritsuko Tanaka: "Perceptual Research on General Deterrence."

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hisatomo Tanaka: "Ernst Amadeus Wolff's General Prevention Theory ( 4 )" Kumamoto Law Review (Kumamoto - Hogaku) (Kumamoto Law Review.).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hisatomo Tanaka: "A Time Series Study on Deterrent Effect before and after the Reform of Road Traffic Regulation, April 1987."

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1987 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 田中久智: 熊本法学. 49号. 285-325 (1986)

    • Related Report
      1986 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 田中久智: 熊本法学. 52号. (1987)

    • Related Report
      1986 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1987-03-31   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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