Study on the History of the Governmental Regulation for Medicinal Drug in Japan.
Project/Area Number |
60580089
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
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Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
Research Field |
科学技術史(含科学社会学・科学技術基礎理論)
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Research Institution | RITSUMEIKAN UNIVERSITY |
Principal Investigator |
KAWAMATA Junshi Faculty of the Sciences on the Industrial Society, Professor., 産業社会学部, 教授 (30066584)
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Project Period (FY) |
1985 – 1986
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Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1986)
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Budget Amount *help |
¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000)
Fiscal Year 1986: ¥500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000)
Fiscal Year 1985: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000)
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Keywords | governmental regulation of drugs / adulteration of drugs / patent medicines / acute toxicity / chronic toxicity / pharmaceutical education and association / 特許薬 / 品質規制 / 安全規制 / 薬事法 / アルカロイド薬 / 化学合成薬 / 生薬 / 薬害 / 薬理学 / 毒性学 / 急性・慢性毒性試験 / 薬剤師会 / 薬科大学 / 製薬業 |
Research Abstract |
1. Modern european pharmacy started at the time of finding morphine in opium, in the direction of synthesizing chemical compounds for medicine and establishing the safe use of new drugs as strong poisons. Since then, the modern medical services have not established the social system for the suitable use of toxic data. At the beginning of the importation of european drugs in the early Meiji era, the Japanese government started the regulation of poisonous drugs and the adulteration. It was not the regulation for safety, but the quality control. 2. Epidemic and many other diseases, occurring over the coast cities in the lower sanitary condition brought by the rapid rise of population, seriously needed lots of hospitals, docters and medicinal drugs through the first half of the nineteenth century,in USA.Quick development of the pharmaceutical trades from the old appothecaries into the modern industry met many newcomers without knowledge and technics from the various fields. Drug adulterations containing patent medicines and crude materials, broke out widely in these days. As the way of saving the immediate situation, these problems, the unsuitable use and the excess profit in the former and the reduction in price in the latter, contained the latent injury to the health of the patients. Through their effort against the problems, the pharmacists sought the quality control of their drugs, the establishment of their profession with organizing their own association and the development of the pharmaceutical education. In the second half of the nineteenth century, the governmental regulation was born in this field. 3. The Japanese government did not want the development of the toxicology for the drug regulation. The toxicology in Japan had not been the independent branch in the medical sciences before the second world war.
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Report
(1 results)
Research Products
(6 results)