| Project/Area Number |
61304015
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Breeding science
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| Research Institution | NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENETICS |
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Principal Investigator |
OKINO H. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENETICS, 総合遺伝研究系, 教授 (70000247)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SHIMAMOTO Y. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY, 農学部, 教授 (00001438)
SATO H. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, KYUSHU UNIVERSITY, 総合遺伝研究系, 助手 (20145113)
清沢 茂久 農水省, 生物資源研究所・細胞育種部, 主任研究員
佐竹 徹夫 北海道農業試験場, 作物部, 室長
FUTSUHARA Y. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, NAGOYA UNIVERSITY, 農学部, 教授 (70023405)
KIKUCHI F. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, TSUKUBA UNIVERSITY
FUKUOKA T. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, KYUSHU TOKAI UNIVERSITY
福岡 寿夫 九州東海大学, 農学部, 教授
大野 清春 農業生物資源研究所, 細胞育種部, 室長
武田 和義 岡山大学, 農業生物研究所, 助教授 (90003516)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1986 – 1988
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1988)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥12,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1987: ¥5,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1986: ¥5,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000)
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| Keywords | Biotic stress / Abiotic stress / Stress tolerance / Genetic diversity / Intrapopulational variability / Cold tolerance / Cell selection / 環境汚染 / 環境汚染物質 / 遺伝的多様性 / 混播草地 / 作物と病菌の相互作用 / 集団内遺伝変異 / 培養細胞 / 低温抵抗性 / 汚染物貭感受性 / 細胞選抜 / 混植 / 集団内多称性 / イモリ病抵抗性 / 耐旱性 / 混播 / いもち病抵抗性 / イネ |
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| Research Abstract |
THE PURPOSE OF THIS PROJECT WAS TO ACCUMULATE THE KNOWLEDGE AND INFROMATION REGARDING TOLERANCE MECHANISMS IN CROP PLANTS, EXPECTING TO ACHIEVE HIGH AS WELL AS STABLE PRODUCTIVITY UNDER VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS. TWO SUBGROUPS WERE ORGANIZED IN OUR PROJECT TEAM.
1. GROUP A: SURVEY OF GENETIC VARIABILITY IN STRESS TOLERANCE AND ITS GENETIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES --- GENIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF LOW TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE WERE STUDIED IN RICE. RESPONSE OF RICE ROOTS TO SOIL CONDITIONS WAS INVESTIGATED USING MUTANTS AND PRIMITIVE CULTIVARS. TOLERANCE TO DROUGHT IN RICE WAS AOSO EXAMINED. EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS POINTED OUT DEALING WITH RICE CULTIVARS EXPOSED TO NOx AND NATURAL VEGETATION STRUCTURE AFFECTED BY HEAVY METAL. POLYGENIC CONTROL OF DISEASE RESISTANCE IN BARLEY WAS ELUCIDATED. FROM CELL CULTURE, TOLERANT PLANTS TO SALT AND AN AMINO-ACID ANALOGUE WERE SELECTED AND THEIR GENETIC BEHAVIOR WAS EXAMINED.
2. GROUP B: INVESTIGATION ON STRESS TOLERANCE SYSTEM IN POPULATIONAL OR COMMUNITY LEVELS --- GENETIC DIVERSITY WITHIN SITE WAS STUDIED IN MIX-SOWING SWARD AND NATURAL GRASS-LAND. FURTHER, INTRAPOPULATIONAL GENETIC VARIABILITY IN RICE LAND-RACE WAS INVESTIGATED. GENETIC DIVERSITY WAS DISCUSSED IN THE CONTEXT OF POPULATIONAL BUFFERING UNDER FLUCTUATING ENVIRONMENTS. POPULATION GENOTYPE OF RICE BLAST FUNGUS WAS FOUND TO DEPEND ON GENETIC CONSTITUTION OF RICE CULTIVARS GROWN IN THE AREA. ANALYSIS OF THEIR RELATIONSHIPS REVEALED THE EXISTANCE OF STABILIZING SELECTION IN FUNGUS POPULATIONS.
3. SYNTHESIS OF TWO DIFFERENT STANDPOINTS, TOLERANCE ON PLANT LEVEL (GROUP A) AND TOLERANCE ON POPULATIONAL OR COMMUNITY LEVEL (GROUP B), WAS TRIED TO ACHIEVE A WISE STRATEGY FOR STRESS TOLERANT AGROECOSYSTEMS.
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