| Project/Area Number |
61480023
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
動物発生・生理学
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| Research Institution | Tokyo Metropolitan University |
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Principal Investigator |
KUWASAWA Kiyoaki Professor, Department of Biology.Tokyo Metropolitan University, 理学部, 教授 (10015589)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
YAZAWA Tohru Assistant, Department of Biology.Tokyo Metropolitan University, 理学部, 助手 (30106603)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1986 – 1988
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1988)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥5,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,700,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1987: ¥1,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1986: ¥3,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000)
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| Keywords | Octopus / Neuromuscular transmission / systemic heart / cardiac ganglion / EJP / IJP / ACH / 心臓 / 心臓循環系 / 脳 / 内臓神経節 / 軟体動物 / 心臓神経節 / 神経伝達物質 / アセチルコリン / セロトニン / 抗セロトニン血清 / 頭足類 / 抑制性接合部電位(IJP) / 興奮性接合部電位(EJP) / 二重神経支配 |
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| Research Abstract |
The paired auricles and systemic ventricle of the heart of octopus hummelincki were isolated together with the paired visceral nerves. Cut posteriorly to the first cardiac ganglion. Glass microelectrodes filled with 3M KCi were used to record intracellular myocardial potentials. Evoked in response to bathing in ACh or 5-HT (serotonin) solution. or by electrical stimulation of the visceral nerve.
ACh induced hyperpolarization of ventricular muscle cells and bradycardia or cardiac arrest in beating hearts. Action potentials decreased in amplitude and duration during the AChhyperpolarization.
On the other hand. 5-HT depolarized ventricular muscle cells and induced tachycardia in beating hearts. During a portion of the tachycardia. the action potentials increased in amplitude significantly.
The intensity of nerve stimulation determined whether excitatory or inhibitory effects predominated. During nerve-induced tachycardia. There was an increase in rate of rise of the slow diastolic depolariza
… More
tion which preceded ventricular spike potentials. During nerve-induced bradycardia. or cardiac arrest. the membrane potential of ventricular muscle cells was hyperpolarzied beyond the maximum attained in a normal cardiac cycle.
Both excitatory junctional plotentials (EJPs) and inhibitory junctional potentials (IJPs) were recordedfrom both auricular and ventricular myocardial cells. Pulses of electrical stimulation applied to the visceral nerve elicited EJPs or IJPs in a one-to-one ratio of stimulus to postjunctional potentials. It was discovered that the hyperpolarization or depolarization of myocardial membrane potential. in response to visceral nerve stimulation. resulted from summation of individual IJPs of EJPs.
The presence of 5-HT and a peptide. CARP. was immunocytologically proved in the cardiovascular systems of a amphineuran. Liolophura; gastropods, Aplysia and Pleurobranchaea and a cephalopod. Octopus.
5-HT produced excitatory effects on the systems. Effects of CARP on the systems remain to be examined. Less
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