| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
ICHITANI YUKIO NARUTO UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, FACULTY OF SCHOOL EDUCATION, 学校教育学部, 助手 (80176289)
MASTUDA MICHIHIKO NARUTO UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, FACULTY OF SCHOOL EDUCATION, 学校教育学部, 教授 (90009027)
MONDEN YOSHIME NARUTO UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, FACULTY OF SCHOOL EDUCATION, 学校教育学部, 教授 (50029568)
TANAKA SHOTARO NARUTO UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION, FACULTY OF SCHOOL EDUCATION, 学校教育学部, 教授 (10179757)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥5,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1987: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1986: ¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
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| Research Abstract |
Developmental changes of concepts concerning relations of time(T), distance(D) and velocity(V) were examined using children 4 to 12 years old and adults. The main results were as follows: 1. In young children under 6 and a half years old, all relations between the two, D and T, V and D, and even V and T, generally seemed to be proportional. 2, oVer 8 years old, most children understood correctly two proportional relations and one inversely proportional relation at least through concrete operations. 3. Generally, children over 9 years old seemed to have the intercorrelational concepts among the three variables. 4. Individual differences were very large.
In spite of the facts mentioned above, learning of velocity in mathematics was found to be pretty difficult for 5th graders. There must be some problems in present teaching materials. Then the present teaching materials were analyzed thoroughly, their problems were extracted, and new teaching materials were developed. In the new ones, differences in velocity were led from cognition of overtaking and acquisition of velocity as a quantity was aimed. A personal-computer and eight displays were used to present movements, which were drawn basing Pascal and Turbo Pascal.
Two kinds of guidance plans for ten hours were constructed according to the present teaching materials and the new ones. One teacher instructed in four classes, the two in line with the guidance plans of the present teaching materials, the other two in line with those of the new ones. Results of tests carried on before and after the instructions of ten hours showed that children, especially who understood relatively well what had been teached already, could learn more smoothly about velocity under the guidance plans according to the new teaching materials.
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