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A Study on Bottleneck Phenomena on Expressways

Research Project

Project/Area Number 62460162
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 交通工学・国土計画
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

KOSHI Masaki  Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Professor, 生産技術研究所, 教授 (70013109)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) AKAHANE Hirokazu  Department of Civil Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Associate Profes, 土木工学科, 助教授 (60184090)
KUWAHARA Masao  Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Associate Professor, 生産技術研究所, 助教授 (50183322)
Project Period (FY) 1987 – 1989
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1989)
Budget Amount *help
¥7,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,700,000)
Fiscal Year 1989: ¥2,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000)
Fiscal Year 1987: ¥4,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000)
KeywordsBottleneck / Traffic congestion / Car-following theory / Sag / Tunnel congestion / Kalman smoother / 追従モデル / カルマンスムーザ
Research Abstract

1. The dathering cars which can obtain the data of real car-following behavior and the data was developed. Using these test-cars and analyzing system, we accumulated the data of real car-following behavior on expressways.
2. The S-V relationship in congested flow was found to be convex rather than concave, but it had been believed to be concave.
3. Regarding the comments of the speed-space relationship function as parameters of the mathematical car-following model, the new way of identification of all these parameters was proposed. Suppose the three state variables (acceleration, speed and spacing) of the following-car as representatives of the car-following behavior simulated by the model. Then a parameter optimization algorithm was developed by using Kalman filtering theory, this algorithm can minimize simultaneously the weighted RMSE(Roat Mean Square Error)-values of these three variables between simulated ones by the model and collected data. Using this algorithm, sets of parameters of the model for each congested flow and non-congested flow were identified. Then the comparative study of the three reaction time lags of the model was investigated.
4. From re-examination of the of the car-following behavior (perception, judgment and action), another car-following model based on Fuzzy Theory was developed, and the identification of the parameters was also carried out. Then this model was found to have better fit with collected data than the mathematical model 5. Suppose all drivers behave in same parameters of the model (mathematical one or Fuzzy one), the traffic simulation was carried out, and the ability of reproduction of the real traffic characteristics was invested.
Then by using mathematical model, the simulated traffic became unstable and rear-end collision was frequently occurred. But by using Fuzzy model, it became stable state, so it was showed that this Fuzzy model had some ability of reproduction real stable state traffic.

Report

(4 results)
  • 1989 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1988 Annual Research Report
  • 1987 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (21 results)

All Other

All Publications (21 results)

  • [Publications] Hirokazu AKANANE: "A Measurement and Data Processing System for Car-Following Analysis" Proceedings of IFAC 6th International Symposium on Transportation Systems. 11-17 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 大庭孝之: "追従挙動における反応遅れに関する研究" 土木学会第42回年次講演会講演概要集第4部. 58-59 (1987)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 赤羽弘和: "車両の追従挙動測定システム" 土木学会第43回年次講演会講演概要集第4部. 58-59 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 大庭孝之: "渋滞流における追従挙動モデルの検証" 土木学会第43回年次講演会講演概要集第4部. 60-61 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 赤羽弘和: "車両の走行挙動計測システム" 土木計画学講演集. 11. 63-70 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 大口敬: "名神彦根トンネルにおける車両の走行挙動" 土木学会第44回年次講演会講演概要集第4部. 156-157 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 大口敬: "トンネル部と単路部における車両の追従挙動の比較" 土木計画学講演集. 12. 75-80 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] AKAHANE, H.: "A Measurement and Data Processing System for Car-following Analysis" Proceedings of IFAC 6th International Symposium on Transportation Systems, pp. 11-17, 1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] OHBA, T.: "A Study on Time-lag in Car-following Behavior" Proceedings of the 42th Annual Conference of JSCE, 4, pp. 58-59, 1987.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] AKAHANE, H.: "A Car-following Measurement System" Proceedings of the 43th Annual Conference of JSCE, 4, pp. 58-59, 1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] OHBA, T.: "A Test of a Car-Following Model in Congested flow" Proceedings of the 43th Annual Conference of JSCE, 4, pp. 60-61, 1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] AKAHANE, H.: "A Vehicular Behavior Measurement System" Proceedings of Infrastructure Planning, 11, pp. 63-70, 1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] OHGUCHI, T.: "Vehicle Running Behavior at Hikone Tunnel of Meishin Expressway" Proceedings of the 44th Annual Conference of JSCE, 4, pp. 156-157, 1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] OHGUCHI, T.: "A Comparison of Car-following Behavior between at a tunnel and at a ordinary section" Proceedings of Infrastructure Planning, 12, pp. 75-80, 1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hirokazu AKAHANE: "A measurement and data processing system for car-following behavior analysis." Proceedings of IFAC 6th International Symposium or Transportation Systems. 11-17 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 大口敬: "名神彦根トンネルにおける車両の走行挙動" 土木学会第44回年次講演会講演概要集第4部. 156-157 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 大口敬: "トンネル部と単路部における車両の追従挙動の比較" 土木計画学研究・講演集. 12. 75-80 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 赤羽弘和: 土木学会第43回年次学術講演会概要集 4. 58-59 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 大庭孝之: 土木学会第43回学術講演会概要集 4. 60-61 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 赤羽弘和: 土木計画学研究 講演集. 11. 63-70 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 大庭孝之: 土木学会第42回年次学術講演会概要集,4. 58-59 (1987)

    • Related Report
      1987 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1987-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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