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A Study on the Action of Antioxidants and Development of Synergists

Research Project

Project/Area Number 62470078
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 有機工業化学
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

NIKI Etsuo  University of Tokyo, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Reaction Chemistry, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (20011033)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) TSUCHIYA Jyunichi  University of Tokyo, Faculty of Engineering, Research Chemist, 工学部, 助手 (40011051)
YAMAMOTO Yorihiro  University of Tokyo, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Reaction Chemistry, R, 工学部, 助手 (60134475)
Project Period (FY) 1987 – 1989
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1989)
Budget Amount *help
¥6,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1989: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1987: ¥5,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000)
KeywordsAntioxidants / Autoxidation / Free Radical / Vitamin E / Lipid peroxidation / ビタミンC / 芳香族アミン
Research Abstract

There is now an increasing number of evidence which suggests the involvement of free radical mediated oxidations of lipids, proteins, enzymes, and nucleic acids in a variety of pathological events, cancer and aging. This study was carried out aiming at elucidating the rate and mechanism of the action of various chain-breaking antioxidants and also the synergistic inhibition of oxidation.
The water-soluble antioxidants such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C), uric acid, cysteine, and glutathione acted as antioxidant by scavenging aqueous radicals before they attack the membranes.
However, they can not scavenge lipophilic radicals within the lipid layer of membranes and low density lipoprotein. Tocopherols (vitamin E) acted as lipophilic antioxidant within the membranes.
The rate and mechanism of scavenging of lipid peroxyl radicals were fint studied in homogeneous solution by measuring oxygen uptake, products formation, chemiluminescence, and free radicals with election spin resonance. The oxida … More tion of phospholipid liposomal membranes and its inhibition were studied aiming specifically at elucidating the action of antioxidants in the membranes. It was found that tocopherols suppress the oxidation of phosphatidylcholine liposomal membranes by scavenging both aqueous radicals attacking from outside of the membranes and lipophific radicals within the membranes. It was suggested that laterally tocopherols more fairly rapidly but that it gets less effluent for tocopherols to scavenge radicals as they go deeper into the interior of the membrane. The phytyl side chain had a profound effect in the retainment of tocopherols in the membranes but it makes tocopherols difficult to move between the membranes. On the other hand, 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-6-chromanol could penetrate and transfer between the liposomal membranes freely. Tocophemls also suppressed the oxidative hemolysis induced by free radicals. It was found that tocopherol within the erythrocyte membranes was the most effective in suppressing hemolysis by scavenging chain-carrying radicals and breaking the chain propagation. The interaction between antioxidants and metal ion was also studied. The rate and mechanism of synergistic inhibition of oxidation by tocopherol and reducing agent such as ascorbic acid, cysteine and glutathione have been also studied. Less

Report

(4 results)
  • 1989 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1988 Annual Research Report
  • 1987 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (37 results)

All Other

All Publications (37 results)

  • [Publications] M.Matsuo: "Radical-scavenging reactions of vitamin E and its model compound,2,2,5,7,8-pentamethylch man-6-o1,in a tert-butylperoxyl redical-generating system." J.Am.Chem.Soc.111. 7179-7185 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M.Takahashi: "Scavenging of radicals by vitamin E in the membranes as studied by spin labelling." J.Am.Chem.Soc.111. 6350-6353 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M.Takahashi: "Oxidation of lipids.XVII.Crossover effect of tocopherols in the spontaneous oxidation of methyl linoleate." Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.62. 1885-1890 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M.Takahashi: "Oxidation of lipids.XVI.Inhibition of autoxidation of methyl linoleate by diarylamines." Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.62. 1880-1884 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T.Motoyama: "Synergistic inhibition of oxidation in dispersed phosphatidylcholine liposomes by a combination of vitamin E and cysteine." Arch.Biochem.Biophys.270. 655-661 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] E.Niki: "Oxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes and its inhibition by free radical scavengers." J.Biol.Chem.263. 19809-19814 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] E.Niki: "Cellular Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms.Vol.II" CRC Press,Boca Raton,Florida, 505 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] E.Niki: "Lipid Peroxidation in Biological Systems" American Oil Chemists'Society,Champaign,IL., 254 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M. Nakano, K. Sugioka, I. Naito, S. Takekoshi, and E. Niki: "Novel and potent biological antioxidants on membrane phospholipid peroxidation:2-hydroxy estrone and 2-hydroxy estradiol" Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 142, 919-924 (1987).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K. Yamamoto, M. Takahashi, and E. Niki: "Role of iron and ascorbic acid in the oxidation of methyl linoleate micelles" Chem. Lett., 1149-1152 (1987).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M. Miki, H. Tamai, M. Mino, Y. Yamamoto, and E. Niki: "Free-radical chain oxidation of rat red blood cells by molecular oxygen and its inhibition by alpha-tocopherol" Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 258, 373-380 (1987).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] K. Yamamoto and E. Niki: "Interaction of alpha-tocopherol with iron: antioxidant and prooxidant effects of alpha-tocopherol in the oxidation of lipids in aqueous dispersions in the presence of iron" Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 958, 19-23 (1988).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M. Takahashi, J. Tsuchiya, E. Niki, and S. Urano: "Action of vitamin E as antioxidant in phospholipid liposomal membrane as studied by spin label technique" J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol., 34, 25-34 (1988).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] E. Niki, M. Takahashi, J. Tsuchiya, E. Komuro, E. Ito, and K. Terao: "Oxidation of lipids. XV. Role of hydrophilic diarylamines as antioxidants in the oxidations of lipids and biological tissues" Chem.-Biol. Interactions, 67, 81-93 (1988).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] E. Niki, Y. Yamamoto, M. Takahashi, K. Yamamoto, Y. Yamamoto, E. Komuro, M. Miki, H. Yasuda, and M. Mino: "Free radical-mediated damage of blood and its inhibition by antioxidants" J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol., 34, 507-512 (1988).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] E. Niki, E. Komuro, M. Takahashi, S. Urano, E. Ito, and K. Terao: "Oxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes and its inhibition by free radical scavengers" J. Biol. Chem., 263, 19809-19814 (1989).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] T. Motoyama, M. Miki, M. Mino, M. Takahashi, and E. Niki: "Synergistic inhibition of oxidation in dispersed phosphatidylcholine liposomes by a combination of vitamin E and cysteine" Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 270, 655-661 (1989).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M. Takahashi, J. Tsuchiya, and E. Niki: "Oxidation of lipids. XVI. Inhibition of autoxidation of methyl linoleate by diarylamines" Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 62, 1880-1884 (1989).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M. Takahashi, Y. Yoshikawa, and E. Niki: "Oxidation of lipids. XVII. Crossover effect of tocopherols in the spontaneous oxidation of methyl linoleate" Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 62, 1885-1890 (1989).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M. Takahashi, J. Tsuchiya, and E. Niki: "Scavenging of radicals by vitamin E in the membranes as studied by spin labelling" J. Am. Chem. Soc., III, 6350-6353 (1989).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M. Matsuo, S. Matsumoto, Y. Iitaka, and E. Niki: "Radical-scavenging reactions of vitamin E and its model compound, 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethylchroman-6-ol, in a tert-butylperoxyl radical-generating system" J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111, 7179-7185 (1989).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M.Matsuo: "Radical-scavenging reactions of vitamin E and its model compound,2,2,5,7,8-pentamethylchroman-6-ol,in a tert-butylperoxyl radical-generating system." J.Am.Chem.Soc.111. 7179-7185 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Takahashi: "Scavenging of radicals by vitamin E in the membranes as studied by spin labelling." J.Am.Chem.Soc.111. 6350-6353 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Takahashi: "Oxidation of lipids.XVII.Crossover effect of tocopherols in the spontaneous oxidation of methyl linoleate." Bull.Chem.Soc. Jpn.62. 1885-1890 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Takahashi: "Oxidation of lipids.XVII.Inhibition of autoxidation of methyl linoleate by diarylamines." Bull.Chem.Soc. Jpn.62. 1880-1884 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] T.Motoyama: "Synergistic inhibition of oxidation in dispersed phosphatidylcholine liposomes by a combination of vitamin E and cysteine." Arch.Biochem.Biophys.270. 655-661 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] E.Niki: "Oxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes and its inhibition by free radical scavenger" J.Biol.Chem.263. 19809-19814 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] E.Niki: "Cellular Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms.Vol.II" CRC Press,Boca Raton, Florida, 1989

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] O.Hayaishi,E.Niki,et al.,eds.: "Medical,Biochemical and Chemical Aspects of Free Radicals" Elsevier,Amsterdam, 1989

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Mareyuki.Takahashi: J.Nutr.Sci.Bitaminol.34. 25-34 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Etsuo.Niki: Chem.-Biol.Interactions. 67. 81-93 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Etsuo.Niki: J.Nutr.Sci.Vitaminol.34. 507-512 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Etsuo.Niki: J.Biol.Chem.263. 19809-19814 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Etsuo.Niki: "Free Radecals in Digestive Diseases" Elsevier,Amsterdam, 15-25 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Yamamoto;E.Niki: Biochim.Biophys.Acta. 958. 19-23 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1987 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] E.Niki;O.Hayaishi;M.Mino;Eds.: Clinical and Nutritional Aspects of Vitamin E. 408 (1987)

    • Related Report
      1987 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] E.Niki;K.Yamamoto;M.Takahashi;W.Ando;Y.Moro-oka;Eds.: The Role of Oxygen in Chemistry and Biochemistry. 680 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1987 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1987-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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