| Project/Area Number |
62480077
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
畜産学(含草地学)
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| Research Institution | TOHOKU UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
SASAKI Yasuyuki TOHOKU UNIVERSITY AGRIC. PROFESSOR, 農学部, 教授 (90005637)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KATOH Kazuo TOHOKU UNIVERSITY AGRIC., 農学部, 助手 (60091831)
SHOJI Yoshio TOHOKU UNIVERSITY AGRIC., 農学部, 助手 (60005642)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1987 – 1989
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1989)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥5,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,600,000)
Fiscal Year 1989: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥1,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000)
Fiscal Year 1987: ¥2,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000)
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| Keywords | Amino acids / Growth hormone / Somatomedin-C / Insulin / Glucagon / Ruminants |
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| Research Abstract |
Much attention has recently been Paid to the effects of the exogenous administration of GH in increasing milk production of dairy cows. The effect of GH could involve the stimulation of catabolism of absorbed nutrients providing energy-yielding substrates for the maffimary gland and substrates that can be utilized to produce milk constituents. When energy partition in the body is directed towards catabolism. one may expect an enhanced milk production via increased substrate supply to the mammary gland. By contrast. an anabolic energy partition appears to be desirable to stimulate beef production. In ruminant animals, as in the other species, the direction of energy partition toward catabolism or anabolism is mostly regulated by metabolic hormones such as GH, somatomedin-C (Sm-C), insulin and glucagon.
Several amino acids are known to affect the secretion of metabolic hormones. As these hormones are also central to the regulation of amino acid metabolism, it is worthwhile to quantify the
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extent to which each amino acid can stimulate the secretion of these hormones.
Leucine was the most effective amino acid in stimulating insulin secretion but did not produce any increase in glucagon and GH secretion. Alanine, glycine and serine induced a greater enhancement of both glucagon and insulin secretion than other amino acids. No amino acid was able to specifically stimulate glucagon secretion without also increasing insulin or GH secretion. As regards insulin and glucagon secretion, amino acids could be divided into groups according to their R-structures. Neutral straight chain amino acids stimulated both insulin and glucagon secretion, with a greater secretory response to shorter C-chain amino acids. Branched chain amino acids tended to enhance insulin and suppress glucagon secretion. Acidic amino acids caused an increase in GH secretion. Aspartic acid caused the strongest stimulation of GH secretion, exceeding that induced by arginine. Prolonged intraduodenal administration of leucine enhanced Sm-C secretion. Less
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