| Project/Area Number |
63044128
|
|---|
| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
|
| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
|---|
| Section | Joint Research |
|---|
| Research Institution | Jichi Medical School, School of Medicine |
|---|
Principal Investigator |
NOMIYAMA Kazuo Jichi Medical School, School of Medicine, Professor, 医学部, 教授 (80048967)
|
|---|
| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
NOMIYAM Hiroko Jichi Medical School, School of Medicine, Instructor, 医学部, 講師 (70049039)
KASUYA Minoru Toyama University of Medicine and Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Professor, 医学部, 教授 (50045382)
NOGAWA Koji Chiba University, School of Medicine, Professor, 医学部, 教授 (40019584)
劉 鏡愉 北京医科大学, 医学部, 教授
王 翔樸 湖南医科大学, 医学部, 教授
王 世俊 北京医科大学, 医学部, 教授
LIU Shi-Jie Beijing Medical University, School of Public Health, Professor, 公共衛生学院, 教授
WANG Xiang-pu Hunan Medical University, School of Medicine, Professor
LIU Jing-yu Beijing Medical University, School of Medicine, Professor
WANG Shi-Jie Beijing Medical University, School of Medicine, Professor
|
|---|
| Project Period (FY) |
1988 – 1990
|
| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1990)
|
| Budget Amount *help |
¥9,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1990: ¥3,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1989: ¥3,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥3,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000)
|
|---|
| Keywords | cadmium / working environment / environmental pollution / refinery plant / battery assembly plant / urine beta_2-microglobulin / renal dysfunction / biological monitoring |
|---|
| Research Abstract |
Environmental pollution with cadmium and its related health effects were studied at 4 areas in China in 1988-1990. Cadmium in the air of the largest dry refinery of zinc in China were 2.5-6.5, 10.8-23.3, 2.8-4.7 and 0.01-0.16 mg/m^3 in roasting, distillation, ingot casting and cadmium refinery plants, which were significantly higher than the maximum allowable concentration (0.05 mg/m^3), and soil and grass were also heavily contaminated with cadmium : 0.02 mg/m^3, 115-202 mug/g and 196-580 mug/g in the air, soil and grass 500 m away the factory. Prevalences of excessive exposure to cadmium, renal dysfunctions and renal disease were 93.3, 40.0 and 13.3% in an ingot casting plant, 54.5, 36.4 and 0% of workers of a cadmium refinery plant, 45.3, 16.8 and 0% in a roasting plant, respectively. The air of one of the largest alkaline battery factory in China was also reasonably contaminated with cadmium : 24.1, 1.2-2.2 mg/m^3 in large and small battery assembly plants. Cadmium in wheat in the
… More
area was high as 200-771 mug/g regardless of low cadmium in soil (1.1-8.6 mug/g). Prevalences of excessive cadmium exposure and renal dysfunctions of workers and residents were 33.3% and 16.7%, respectively. Excessive exposure and renal dysfunctions were 33.3 and 16.7% among workers in a small-battery assembly plant and a large-battery assembly plant. Cadmium in the air of the lead dry refinery was 0.03-0.20 and 0.01-0.08 mug/m^3 of melting and cadmium refinery plants. Cadmium in the air, soil and grass 500 m away from the factory were 0.00-0.03 mg/m^3, 0.4-57 mug/g and 1-21 mug/g, respectively. Prevalences of excessive exposure and renal dysfunctions were 20.0 and 1.1%. Cadmium in the air of another zinc refinery were 3.7-4.2, 0.72-0.95, 0.06 mg/m^3 in raw material casting, electrolysis and cadmium ingot casting Plants, respectively. Excessive exposure and renal dysfunctions were found in 46.7 and 10.7% of 164 workers. All the above data may indicate that maximum concentration of cadmium in the air shall be 0.05mg/m^3, and that cadmium health effects shall be detected early by biological monitoring : urine cadmium above 10 mug/gCr and urine beta_2-microglobulin above 300 and 1,000 mug/gCr, respectively. Less
|
