| Project/Area Number |
63044150
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | Joint Research |
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| Research Institution | National Institute for Environmental Studies |
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Principal Investigator |
FUJIMAKI Hidekazu National Institute for Environmental Studies, 環境健康部, 主任研究員 (00124355)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
BISSONNETTE Elyse The University of Calgary, 研究員
SWIETER Mark The University of Calgary, 研究員
LEE T.D.G. The University of Calgary Dept.of Micro., 研究員
DEAN Befus A The University of Calgary Dept.of Micro., 教授
OZAWA Masashi The Jikei University School of Medicine, 耳鼻咽喉科, 助手 (10147291)
IMAI Toru The Jikei University School of Medicine, 耳歯咽喉科, 助手 (00130146)
KAWAGOE Akiko National Institute for Environmental Studies, 環境健康部, 研究員 (20177661)
LEE Tim The University of Calgary
BEFUS Dean The University of Calgary
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| Project Period (FY) |
1988 – 1990
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 1990)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥6,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1990: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1989: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥2,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,000,000)
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| Keywords | Mast cell / Nitrite / Nitrate / Formaldehyde / Mediator release / Cytotoxicity |
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| Research Abstract |
The effects on mast cell functions of nitrogen dioxide, as well as related compounds, nitrite and nitrate, are largely unknown. First we observed that in vitro exposure to nitrogen dioxide inhibited anti-IgE and substance P-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (PMC). PMC and intestinal mucosal mast cells (IMMC) were isolated from rats infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, treated with various concentrations of sodium nitrite or sodium nitrate for 30min, challenged with sensitizing antigen and specific histamine release measured. Mast cell viability was not affected by these treatments, but 10 and 50mM nitrite alone induced histamine release from IMMC but not PMC. Antigen-induced histamine release from PMC and IMMC was significantly enhanced by pretreatment with 50mM nitrite. The effects of nitrate on histamine release were similar to the effects of nitrite. PMC pretreated with 5 and 50mM nitrite exibited a depressed tumor necrosis factor alpha-dependent cytotoxicity for WEHI-164.
Formaldehyde is used in several industrial processes and as a result it becomes an indoor and outdoor pollutant. To investigate the effects of formaldehyde on mediator release from mast cells, PMC and IMMC were treated with various concentrations of formaldehyde for 30 min. Mast cell viability in PMC was not affected by formaldehyde concentrations of up to 500mug/ml. Formaldhyde alone did not induce histamine release in PMC, but antigen- or A23187-induced histamine and beta-hexosaminidase release were markedly enhanced by pretreatment with 10mug/ml formaldehyde. However, high concentration of formaldehyde depressed mediator release. In addition, formaldehyde treatment markedly depressed natural cytotoxicity.
Thus, nitrite, nitrate and formaldehyde can modify mast cell mediator release and may be relevant in the development of inflammatory diseases.
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