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Plant Infectin Mechanisms of Alternaria Pathogens : Non-Host Defense Peactions and Their Regulation by Host-Specific Toxins

Research Project

Project/Area Number 63440010
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 植物保護
Research InstitutionTottori University

Principal Investigator

KOHMOTO Keisuke  Tottori University, Faculty of Agriculture, Professor, 農学部, 教授 (80032093)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) KIMURA Yasuo  Tottori University, Faculty of Agriculture, Professor, 農学部, 教授 (10011983)
HAMAZAKI Takashi  Tottori University, Faculty of Agriculture, Professor, 農学部, 教授 (40032081)
KODAMA Motoichiro  Tottori University, Faculty of Agriculture, Assistant, 農学部, 助手 (00183343)
OTANI Hiroshi  Tottori University, Faculty of Agliculture, Professor, 農学部, 教授 (50032305)
Project Period (FY) 1988 – 1990
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1990)
Budget Amount *help
¥19,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥19,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1990: ¥4,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,500,000)
Fiscal Year 1989: ¥5,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥9,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,500,000)
KeywordsHost-Specific Toxin / Host Recognition / Toxin Receptor / Mode of Toxin Action / Infection-Inhibiting Factor / Inducer for Defense Reaction / Accessibility Induction / Alternaria / 毒素の作用機構 / 宿主識別因子 / 受容体
Research Abstract

The basic concept of the host recognition and initial colonization in host cells by Alternaria pathogens that produce host-specific toxin (s) (HST) on spore germination have been established as follows :
1) Release of a signal HST from germinating spores of the pathogen, 2) recognition of pathogen's signal by putative receptors in host cells, and 3) foment of accessibility to attempted fungal penetration in host cells through transduction of the signal. Lines of evidence for supporting this hypothesis have been collected. New host-specific toxins, ACT-toxins I and II, were isolated from spore germination fluids of the tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata and elucidated in structure as poly-hydroxyoctenoylvalyl esters of epoxy-decatrienoic acid. This trienoic acid is the common moiety of AK- and AF- toxins. In addition, ACT-toxin II is 5"-deoxy derivative of toxin I ; hence, a structure-activity correlation study was possible. A candidate protein for HST receptor was detected. Toxin action processes were comparatively analyzed, and the results showed that cell death itself is not necessary for conditioning the accessible state of host cells to fungal invasion. Rather, HST suppresses general defense reactions such as production and/or accumulation of infectionーinhibiting factors or lignification in infection sites that was elicited by "Inducer", 40000 daltons sugars released by fungal spores. Our experiments suggest that HST-depending Alternaria infection definitely differs from the mechanism of necrotrophic parasitism.

Report

(4 results)
  • 1990 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1989 Annual Research Report
  • 1988 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (62 results)

All Other

All Publications (62 results)

  • [Publications] Tanabe,K.,et al.: "Chemical characterizatiod and blological activity of the inducer for disease resistance released by Alternaria alternata" Jour.Fac.Agric.Tottori Univ.(in prparation). (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Islation of an inhibiting factor from Japanese pear leaves inoculated with Alternaria alternata" Phytochemistry. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Itoh,Y.,et al.: "A toxin from the tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata that has selectve toxicity to Japanese pear" Phytopatology. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kohmoto,k.,et al.: "Isolation and biological acitvties of two hostーspecific toxins from the tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata" Phytopathology. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kohmoto,K.,et al: "Correlation of resistance and susceptibility in citrus to Alternaria alternata with seysitivity to the hostーspecoific toxins" Phytopathology. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kohmoto,K.,et al.: "Host recognintion by toxigenic plant pathogens" Experientia. 47. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kimura,Y.,et al: "Structure of sescandelan,a new metabolite produced by the fungus Sesquicillium candelabrum" Agric.Biol.Che.(1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Effect of ALーtoxin on viability of cultured tomato cells determined by MTTーcolorimetric assay" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shimomura,N.,et al.: "Two action sites of AMーtoxin produced by Alternaria alternata apple pathotype and their pathological signalficance" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Ultractural studies of an action site in tobacco leaf cells of hostーselective ATーtoxin produced by Alternaria altern尨ta tobacco pathotype" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Hostーselective ATーtoxin from Altenaria alternata causng brown spot of tobacco" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hayashi,N.,et al.: "Determination of hostーselective toxin production during spore germination of Alternaria by highーperformance liquid chromatography" Phytopathology. 80. 1088-1091 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Otani,H.,Kohmoto,K.,et al.(contributed) “Role of hostーspecific toxins in the pathogenesis of Alternaria alternata": "Patill,S.S.,et al.(eds) Molecular Strategies of Pathogens and Host Plants" SpringerーVerlag,Berlin, (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 甲元 啓介(分担執筆): "西村正暘・大内成志・編 「植物感染生理学」" 文永堂, 345 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tanabe, K., et al.: "Chemical characterization and biological activity of the inducer for disease resistance released by Alternaria alternata" J. Fac. Agric. Tottori Univ.(1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kodama, M., et al.: "Isolation of an infectionーinhibiting factor from Japanese pear leaves inoculated with Alternaria alternata" Phytochemistry. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Itoh, Y., et al.: "A toxin from the tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata that has selective toxicity to Japanese pear" Phytopathology. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kohmoto, K., et al.: "Isolation and biological activities of two host specific toxins from the tang rerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata" Phytopathology. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kimura, Y., et al.: "Structure of sescandelan, a new metabolite produced by the fungus Sesquicillium candelabrum" Agric. Biol. Chem.(1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kodama, M., et al.: "Effect of AL-toxin on viability of cultured tomato cells determined by MTT-colorimetric assay" Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kohmoto, K., et al.: "Correlation of resistance and susceptibility of citrus to Alternaria alternata with sensitivity to the hostーspecific" Phytopathology. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kohmoto, K., et al.: "Host recognition by toxigenic plant pathogens" Experientia. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Shimomura, N., et al.: "Two action sites of AM-toxin produced by Alternaria alternata apple pathotype and their pathological significance" Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan. 47. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kodama, M., et al.: "Ultrastructural studies of an action site in tobacco leaf cells of hostーselective AT-toxin produced by Alternaria alternata tobacco pathotype" Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan. (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kodama, M., et al.: "Host-selective AT-toxin from Alternaria alternata causing brown spot of tobacco" Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan. (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Hayashi, N., et al.: "Determination of host-selective toxin production during spore germination of Alternaria alternata by high-performance liquid chromatography" Phytopathology. 80. 1088-1091 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Otani, H., et al.: "Recent advances in research of hostーspecific toxins (in Japanese)" Shokubutsuーboueki(Plant Protection). 44. 450-454 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kohmoto, K.: "Disease control strategies from the viewpoint of host specific toxins(in Japanese)" Proc. 26th Sym. Physiol. Plant Pathol. Japan. 37-46 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Park, P., et al.: "Activation of carbohydrateーcontaining Golgi vesicles in susceptible leaf cells of Japanese pear responding with AK-toxin" Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan. 55. 290-295 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tabira, H., et al.: "Lightーinduced insensitivity of apple and Japanese pear leaves to AM-toxin from Alternaria alternata apple pathotype" Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan. 55. 567-578 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Otani, H., et al.: "Effect of AK-toxin produced by Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype on membrane potential of pear cell" Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan. 55. 466-468 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Akimitsu, K., et al.: "Hostーspecific effects of toxin from the rough lemon pathotype of Alternaria alternata on mitochondrion" Plant Physiol.89. 925-931 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tanabe,K.,et al.: "Chemical characterization and biological activity of the inducer for disease resistance released by Alternaria alternata" Jour.Fac.Agric.Tottori Univ.(1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Isolation of an infectionーinhibiting factor from Japanese pear leaves inoculated with Alternaria alternata" Phytochmistry. (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Itoh,Y.,et al.: "A toxin from the tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata that has selective toxicity to Japanese pear" Phytopathology. (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kohmoto,K.,et al.: "Isolation and biological acitvties of two hostーspecific toxins from the tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata" Phytopathology. (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kohmoto,K.,et al.: "Correlation of resistance and susceptibility in citrus to Alternaria alternata with sensitivity to the hostーspecific toxins" Phytopathology. (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kohmoto,K.,et al.: "Host recognition by toxigenic plant pathogens" Experientia. 47. (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kimura,Y.,et al.: "Structure of sescandelan,a new metabolite produced by the fungus Sesquicillium candelabrum" Agric.Biol.Che.(1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Effect of ALーtoxin on viability of cultured tomato cells determined by MTTーcolorimetric assay" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Shimomura,N.,et al.: "Two action sites of AMーtoxin produced by Alternaria alternata apple pathotype and their pathological significance" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Ultrastractural studies of an action site in tobacco leaf cells of hostselective ATーtoxin produced by Alternaria alternata tobacco pathotype" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1990)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Hostーselective ATーtoxin from Alternaria alternata causing brown spot of tobacco" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1990)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Hayashi,N.,et al.: "Determination of hostーselective toxin production during spore germination of Alternaria alternata by highーperformance liquid chromatography" Phytopathology. 80. 1088-1091 (1990)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Otani,H.,Kohmoto,K.,et al.(Patill,S.S.,et al.(eds)): "Molecular Strategies of Pathogens and Host Plants(Role of hostーspecific toxins in the pathogenesis of Alternaria alternata)" SpringerーVerlag,Berlin, (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 西村 正暘,大内 成志編,甲元 啓介(分担執筆): "植物感染生理学" 文永堂, 345 (1990)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akimitsu,K.,K.Kohmoto,et.al.: "Host-specific effects of toxin from the rough lemon pathotype of Alternaria alternata on mitochondrion" Plant Physiology. 89. 925-931 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Otani,H.,et al.: "Effect of AK-toxin produced by Alternaria alternata Japanese pear pathotype on membrane potential of pear cell" Ann.Phytopathol Soc.Japan. 55. 466-468 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tabira,H.,Otani,H.,et al.: "Light-induced insensitivity of apple and Japanese pear leaves to AM-toxin from Alternaria alternata apple pathotype" Ann.Phytopathol.Soc.Japan. 55. 567-578 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Host-selective AT-toxin from Alternaria alternata causing brown spot disease of tobacco" Ann.Phytopathol.Soc.Japan.

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Ultrastructural studies of an action site in tobacco cells of host-selective AT-toxin produced by Alternaria alternata tobacco pathotype" Ann.Phytopathol.Soc.Japan.

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] K.Kohmoto,et al.: "Isolation of ACT-toxin Ib and Ic,host-specific toxins from the tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata and their biological activities" Phytopathology.

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Otani,H.,et al.: "Role of host-specific toxins produced by Alternaria alternata species:their targets and induction of accessibility.In:Molecular Stratgies of Pathogens and Host Plants.S.S.Patil et al.eds.(In preparation)" Springer-Verlag,Berlin,

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kohmoto,K.,et al.: "Determination of Host-selective toxins.In;Modern Methods of Plant Analysis Vol.13,H.-F.Linskens et al.eds." Springer-Verlag,Heiderberg,

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Akimitsu,K.;K.Kohmoto;et al.: Plant Physiology. 89. (1989)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kodama,M.;et al.: Ann.Phytopathol.Soc.Japan.

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kodama.M.;et al.: Ann.Phytopathol.Soc.Japan.

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tabira,H.;Otani,H.;et al.: Ann.Phytopathol.Soc.Japan.

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kohmot,K.;et al.: Abstracts Papers for 5th International Congress of Plant Pathology. 220 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Otani,H.;et al.: Abstracts of Papers for 5th International Congress of Plant Pathology. 220 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kohmoto,K.;R.D.Durbin,eds.: "Host-Specific Toxins:Recognition and Specificity Factors in Plant Disease" Tottori University,Tottori, 230 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kohmoto,K.;et al.: "Host recognition:Can accessibility to fungal invasion be induced by hostspecific toxins without necessitating necrotic cell death? In:Phytoyoxins and Plant Pathogenesis. Graniti.a" Springer-Verlag,Berlin, 249-265 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1988-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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