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Internal Gravity Waves as the Background Disturbance in the Earth's Atmosphere

Research Project

Project/Area Number 63460047
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Space and upper atmospheric physics
Research InstitutionKYOTO UNIVERSITY

Principal Investigator

FUKAO Shoichiro  Kyoto Univ./RASC,Professor, 超高層電波研究センター, 教授 (30026249)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) SATO Toru  Kyoto Univ./Dept.Eng.,Lecturer, 工学部・電気工学第二教室, 講師 (60162450)
YAMAMOTO Mamoru  Kyoto Univ./RASC,Instructor, 超高層電波研究センター, 助手 (20210560)
YAMANAKA Manabu  Kyoto Univ./RASC,Lecturer, 超高層電波研究センター, 講師 (30183982)
TSUDA Toshitaka  Kyoto Univ./RASC,Assoc.Prof., 超高層電波研究センター, 助教授 (30115886)
KATO Susumu  Kyoto Univ./RASC,Professor, 超高層電波研究センター, 教授 (10025827)
Project Period (FY) 1988 – 1989
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1989)
Budget Amount *help
¥5,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,600,000)
Fiscal Year 1989: ¥2,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥3,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000)
KeywordsMiddle atmosphere / Internal gravity waves / MST radar observations / Wave-mean flow interaction / Spectral analysis / Momentum flux / Radiosonde observations / Vertical stratification / MSTレーダー観測
Research Abstract

Continuous observations on the middle-atmosphere dynamics by the MU radar of Kyoto University since the MAP (Middle Atmosphere Program; 1982-85) period lead to a hypothesis that the earth's atmosphere is fulfilled by the internal gravity waves re-distributing momentum. This study is to verify this hypothesis quantitatively.
In the first fiscal year (1988), we carried out (1) vertical-wavenumber and frequency spectral analyses of the middle-atmospheric wind disturbances based on the MU radar observations; (2) confirmation of the saturation and breaking of the internal gravity waves by the MU radar observations; and (3) observations and analyses of temperature fluctuations by radiosondes. These studies have provided us some clear evidences of gravity-wave saturation and breaking such as an amplitude modification and a selective transmission. In the final fiscal year (1989), we made (4) climatological analyses of vertical-wavenumber spectrum, momentum flux, vertical group velocity and turbulence intensity; and (5) a preliminary modeling of activities of internal gravity wave and breaking turbulence.
Now we can conclude that
(i) the internal gravity waves near Japan have vertical wavelengths shorter/longer than the deilsity scale height in the stratosphere/mesosphere;
(ii) they seem most active in winter/summer in the stratosphere/mesosphere;
(iii) the global distribution of the internal gravity waves has a striking vertical dependence and weak meridional and time dependences; and
(iv) the generation of those waves cannot be explained by a unique source such as surface orography and tropospheric cyclones.
Much more observations are necessary in particular for thermospheric and equatorial regions in order to extend the results of this study.

Report

(3 results)
  • 1989 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1988 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (54 results)

All Other

All Publications (54 results)

  • [Publications] Fukao,S.: "VHF Doppler radar determination of the momentum flux in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere:Comparison between the three-and four-beam methods" Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. 5. 57-69 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Fukao,S.: "Three-dimensional air motions over the Baiu front observed by a VHF-band Doppler radar:A case study" Monthly Weather Review. 116. 281-292 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamamoto,M.: "Interpretation of the structure of mesospheric turbulence layers in terms of inertia gravity waves" Physica Scripta. 37. 645-650 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Long period wind oscillations observed by the Kyoto meteor radar and comparison of the quasi-2 day wave with Adelaide HF radar observations" Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 50. 225-230 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Fritts,D.C.: "Observational evidence of a saturated gravity wave spectrum in the troposphere and lower stratosphere" Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 45. 1741-1759 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Characteristics of semidiurnal tides obserbed by the Kyoto meteor radar and Saskatoon Medium-Frequency radar" Journal of Geophysical Research. 93. 7027-7036 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Simultaneous observations of reflection echoes and refractive index gradient in the troposphere and lower stratosphere" Radio Science. 23. 655-665 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Diurnal non-migrating tides excited by a differential heating due to landsea distribution" Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. 67. 43-55 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Fukao,S.: "Wind fluctuations near a cold vortex-tropopause funnel system observed by the MU radar" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 463-479 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "Internal gravity wave selection in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed by the MU radar:Preliminary results" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 481-495 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "High time resolution monitoring of tropospheric temperature with a Radio Acoustic Sounding System(RASS)" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 497-507 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamamoto,M.: "Full-correlation analysis of turbulent scattering layers in the mesosphere observed by the MU radar" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 605-616 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kato,S.: "Non-migrating tides" Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 51. 673-682 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "MST radar observations of a saturated gravity wave spectrum" Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 46. 2440-2447 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sato,T.: "Ionospheric incoherent scatter measurements with the MU radar:Techniques and Capability" Radio Science. 24. 85-98 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sato,T.: "Multi-beam pattern measurement of the MU radar antenna by satellite Ohzora" Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity. 41. 743-751 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "Picture of the global field of“quasi-monochromatic"gravity waves observed by stratospheric balloons and MST radars" Advances in Space Research(in press). (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "A perspective of middle-atmosphere dynamics(MAD)studies at the new international equatorial observatory(NIEO)" Advances in Space Research(in press). (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Fukao, S.: "VHF Doppler radar determination of the momentum flux in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere: Comparison between the three- and four-beam methods" J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. 5,57-69,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Fukao, S.: "Three-dimensional air motions over the Baiu front observed by a VHF-band Doppler radar: A case study" Mon. Wea. Rev. 116,281-292,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamamoto, M.: "Interpretation of the structure of mesospheric turbulence layers in terms of inertia gravity waves" Physica Scripta 37,645-650,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda, T.: "Long period wind oscillations observed by the Kyoto meteor radar and comparison of the quasi-2 day wave with Adelaide HF radar observations" J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 50,225-230,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Fritts, D. C.: "Observational evidence of a saturated gravity wave spectrum in the troposphere and lower stratosphere" J. Atmos. Sci. 45,1741-1759,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda, T.: "Characteristics of semidiurnal tides observed by the Kyoto meteor radar and Saskatoon Medium-Frequency radar" J. Geophys. Res. 93,7027-7036,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda, T.: "Simultaneous observations of reflection echoes and refractive index gradient in the troposphere and lower stratosphere" Radio Sci. 23,655-665,1988.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda, T.: "Diurnal non-migrating tides excited by a differential heating due to land-sea distribution" J. Meteor. Soc. Japan 67,43-55,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Fukao, S.: "Wind fluctuations near a cold vortex-tropopause funnel system observed by the MU radar" Pure and Appl. Geophys. 130,463-479,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamanaka, M. D.: "Internal gravity wave selection in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed by the MU radar: Preliminary results" Pure and Appl. Geophys. 130,481-495,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda, T.: "High time resolution monitoring of tropospheric temperature with a Radio Acoustic Sounding System (RASS)" Pure and Appl. Geophys. 130,497-507,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamamoto, M.: "Full-correlation analysis of turbulent scattering layers in the mesosphere observed by the MU radar" Pure and Appl. Geophys. 130,605-616,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kato, S.: "Non-migrating tides" J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 51,673-682,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda, T.: "MST radar observations of a saturated gravity wave spectrum" J. Atmos. Sci. 46,2440-2447,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sato, T.: "Ionospheric incoherent scatter measurements with the MU radar: Techniques and Capability" Radio Sci. 24,85-98,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Sato, T.: "Multi-beam pattern measurement of the MU radar antenna by satellite Ohzora" J. Geomag. Geoelectr. 41,743-751,1989.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamanaka, M. D.: "Picture of the global field of "quasi-monochromatic" gravity waves observed by stratospheric balloons and MST radars" Adv. Space Res. 1990.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Yamanaka, M. D.: "A perspective of middle-atmosphere dynamics (MAD) studies at the new international equatorial observatory (NIEO)" Adv. Space Res. 1990.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "Diurnal non-mibrating tides excited by a differential heating due to landsea distribution" Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. 67. 43-55 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fukao,S.: "Wind fluctuations near a cold vortex-tropopause funnel system observed by the MU radar" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 463-479 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "Internal gravity wave selection in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observed by the MU radar:Preliminary results" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 481-495 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "High time resolution monitoring of tropospheric temperature with a Radio Acoustic Sounding System(RASS)" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 497-507 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamamoto,M.: "Full-correlation analysis of turbulent scattering layers in the moesosphere observed by the MU radar" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 605-616 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamamoto,M.: "Full-correlation analysis of turbulent scattering layers in the mesosphere observed by the MU radar" Pure and Applied Geophysics. 130. 605-616 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Kato,S.: "Non-migrating tides" Journal of the Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics. 51. 673-682 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: "MST radar observations of a saturated gravity wave spectrum" Journal ofthe Atmospheric Sciences. 46. 2440-2447 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sato,T.: "Ionospheric incoherent scatter measurements with the MU radar:Techniques and Capabillity" Radio Science. 24. 85-98 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Sato,T.: "Multi-beam pattern measurement of the MU radar antenna by satellite Ohzora" Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity. 41. 743-751 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "Picture of the global field of “quasi-monochromatic"gravity waves observed by stratospheric balloons and MST radars" Advances in Space Research. (1990)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: "A perspective of middle-atmosphere dynamics (MAD) studies at the new international equatorial observatory(NIEO)" Advances in Space Research. (1990)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fukao,S.: Journal of Atmospheric and Ocean Technology. 5. 57-69 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fukao,S.: Pure and Applied Geophysics.

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tsuda,T.: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences.

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamanaka,M.D.: Pure and Applied Geophysics.

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Yamamoto,M.: Physica Scripta. 37. 645-650 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Fritts,D.C.: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences. 45. 1741-1759 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1988-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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