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Development of Integrated Management for Crop Root Zone Environment

Research Project

Project/Area Number 63480074
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field 農業土木
Research InstitutionYamaguchi University

Principal Investigator

KUSAKA Tatsuro  Yamaguchi University, Faculty of Agriculture, Professor, 農学部, 教授 (50038238)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) HAYAKAWA Seiji  Yamaguchi University, Associate Professor, 農学部, 助教授 (80038299)
MARUMOTO Takuya  Yamaguchi University, Associate Professor, 農学部, 助教授 (00035122)
SUZUKI Yoshinori  Yamaguchi University, Faculty of Agriculture, Professor, 農学部, 教授 (70081495)
Project Period (FY) 1988 – 1990
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1990)
Budget Amount *help
¥6,600,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,600,000)
Fiscal Year 1990: ¥900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 1989: ¥1,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥4,700,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,700,000)
KeywordsStrawberry / Rhizosphere biomass / Sugar content / Root zone environment / Row cover / Improvement of meteorology / Soil temperature / Mulch / 根圏 / 微生物バイオマス / 土壌水分 / 純放射量 / 含水量 / 土壌バイオマス / 地表面マルチ / 地表面放射 / カンガイ用水量 / 熱収支
Research Abstract

The experimental data on root zone environment using pepper plants in British Columbia, Canada were analyzed for black-plastic mulch over soil surface ; (1) mulch (no bare), (2) early mulch (late bara), (3) late mulch (early bare) and (4) mulch/tunnel (mulch with tunnel type covering).
The ratio of yield such as marketable fruits and total dry weight of each treatment to those of the late mulch (early bare) were 2-3 times higher in the early mulch and 3-7 times higher in the mulch (no bare) and 10-13 higher in the mulch/tunnel. Under climates of late spring in this district, it is usually impossible to cultivate pepper plants in field, but using of mulch was found to make it possible. To improve soil environment, setting mulch at the time of transplanting is more effective and mulch throughout cultivation is most effective. The control method of watering and fertilizing under mulch cover were compared, and fertilization was found to be the best way.
The results of experimental cultivatio … More n of strawberry over four years from 1986 may be summarized in terms of the relation between the environmental elements at the root zone area and the growth of strawberry as (1) the number of fruits increases by controlling the soil moisture to a dry condition and the weight increases by controlling it to a moist condition, (2) the optimum soil moisture for increasing the total crop weight corresponds to a water content of approximately 30.0% and (3) the sugar content in fruits can be best obtained by maintaining the soil temperature at a high level (until about 28^゚c) and by controlling the soil moisture at a water content of approximately 35.0%, when cultivated using standard fertilization as a nutrient in the soil
In the last experiment, the effects of nitrogen fertilization and soil temperature on the strawberry yield and its rhizosphere status were investigated. In addition to these effects, the effect of soil moisture during 2 weeks just before the harvesting of strawberry have been also examined in this year. Soil moisture were adjusted at three different levels, wet (40-43%), standard (37-38%) and dry (30-35%), and soil temperature was controlled by the electric heating system. In order to get the high and stable yields, high sugar content and temperature for 2 weeks before the harvesting time werevery important.
The present study was conducted to understand how large extent the row cover improves the surface soil temperature and the air temperature between row cover and soil from simulation, experiment and field experiment. On clear day, the row cover maintained the air temperature in the row cover became 4-8^゚c higher than the surrounding air temperature in day time and 3-4^゚c higher in night time. These tendencies obtained from observation agreed well with simulation results. Less

Report

(4 results)
  • 1990 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1989 Annual Research Report
  • 1988 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (16 results)

All Other

All Publications (16 results)

  • [Publications] 日下 達朗,長 裕幸,J.W.Kexg,鈴木 義則,丸本 卓哉,早川 誠而,大西 孝: "畑作物根圏環境の物理的制御についてー根圏土壌水分および地温の動態とイチゴの生育との関係ー" 農業土木学会論文集(本文は英文).

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 鈴木 義則,早川 誠而,日下 達朗,丸本 卓哉: "カナダ・アメリカにおける農業環境研究" 農業気象. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 早川 誠而,鈴木 義則,日下 達朗,古野 亭: "べたがけ資材の物性が根圏温度環境に与える影響" 中国・四国の農業気象. 2. 12-16 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 早川 誠而,鈴木 義則,佐々木 弘泰: "べたがけ資材の物性が根圏温度環境に与える影響" 日本農業気象学会全国大会講演要旨集. 318-319 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Tatsuro Kusaka: "Physical Control of the Root Zone Environment in Cultivation of a Farm Plant - Soil moisture and temperature at the root zone area and growth of strawberry -" Trans. of JSIDRE. (1991)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 日下 達朗,長 裕幸,J.W.Kexg,鈴木 義則,丸本 卓哉,早川 誠而,大西 孝: "畑作物根圏環境の物理的制御についてー根圏土壌水分および地温の動態とイチゴの生育との関係ー" 農業土木学会論文集.

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 鈴木 義則,早川 誠而,日下 達朗,丸本 卓哉: "カナダ・アメリカにおける農業環境研究" 農業気象. (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 早川 誠而,鈴木 義則,日下 達朗,古野 亨: "べたかけ資材の物性が根圏温度環境に与える影響" 中国・四国の農業気象. 2. 12-16 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 早川 誠而,鈴木 義則,佐々木 弘泰: "べたかけ資材の物性が根圏温度環境に与える影響" 日本農業気象学会全国大会講演要旨集. 318-319 (1990)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 鈴木義則: "畑作物の最適栽培管理技術に関する研究(3)ーイチゴ果実の品質に及ぼす地温の影響ー" 中国・四国の農業気象. 2. 49-50 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 早川誠而: "べたかけ資材の物性が根圏温度環境に与える影響" 中国・四国の農業気象. 2. 12-16 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Tatsuro Kusaka: "Physical control of the Root Zone Environments in cultivation of a Farm Plant" Tran.of The Japanese Soc.of Irrigation,Drainage and Reclamation Engineering. (1990)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] Takuya Marumoto: "Turnover rate of microbial biomass nitrogen in rhi 20sphere soils of upland crops" Proceeding of International Congress of Soil Science,Kyoto,1990. (1990)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] J.C.W.Keng;T.KUSAKA: Soil Technology. 1. 157-167 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 早川誠而,鈴木義則,中野郁雄: 中国・四国の農業気象. 1. 18-22 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] J.C.W.Keng;S.T.Chieng;T.Marumoto: Canada J.Agr.Eng.(1989)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1988-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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