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Mechanisms of Transmitter Release : Ca-Dependent Release and Ca-Independent Release.

Research Project

Project/Area Number 63480111
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Neurophysiology and muscle physiology
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo (1989-1990)
Okazaki National Research Institutes (1988)

Principal Investigator

TACHIBANA Masao  The Univ. of Tokyo, Dept. of Psychol, Associate Prof., 文学部, 助教授 (60132734)

Project Period (FY) 1988 – 1990
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1990)
Budget Amount *help
¥5,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,900,000)
Fiscal Year 1990: ¥800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000)
Fiscal Year 1989: ¥2,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥2,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000)
KeywordsRetina / Neuron / Glia / Synapse / Chemical transmitter / Glutamic acid / Ca ions / Ca current / 神経細胞 / アミノ酸 / アミノ酸輸送 / Ca電流
Research Abstract

The purpose of this project was to investigate how chemical transmitters are released from retinal cells. Cells were isolated from the vertebrate retinae and voltage-clamped using a patch pipette in the whole-cell clamp configuration. The following results were obtained.
1. The Ca current of mouse bipolar cells was of T type. The activation threshold was low and the current was not blocked by dihydropyridines. On the other hand, the Ca current of goldfish bipolar cells was of L type ; activation threshold was high, and the current was sensitive to dihydropyridines. In both species, Ca current was induced at the synaptic terminal as well as at the cell body. This observation suggests that the Ca current may play a key role in the transmitter release.
2. Since glutamate is a leading candidate for the transmitter of bipolar cells, release of glutamate was examined by using bipolar cells isolated from the goldfish retina. Solitary catfish horizontal cells were used as a glutamate probe. It was demonstrated that gultamate (or closely related substance) was released from bipolar cells when the Ca current of synaptic terminal was activated by depolarization.
3. Uptake mechanisms of transmitter were investigated electrophysiologically. Application of glutamate induced an inward current in salamander Muller cells (retinal glia). This current was due to the activation of electrogenic glutamate uptake carriers ; one molecule of glutamate was cotransported with three Na ions. The carrier showed a strong voltage-dependence and Ca ions were not required for its activation. Efflux of glutamate was observed but it was not electrogenic. This carrier seems to contribute to the Ca-independent release of transmitters.
4. Turtle photoreceptors responded to glutamate with depolarization. Some response properties were similar to those of the glutamate carrier of salamander Muller cells. This suggests that turtle photoreceptors may have glutamate carriers.

Report

(4 results)
  • 1990 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1989 Annual Research Report
  • 1988 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (29 results)

All Other

All Publications (29 results)

  • [Publications] M.Tachibana: "LーGlutamateーinduced depolarization in solitary photoreceptors:A process that may contribute to the interaction between photoreceptors in situ." Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA. 85. 5315-5319 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M.Tachibana: "Glutamateーinduced depolarization in retinal photoreceptors:Carrierーmediated uptake or channel activity?" Biomed.Res.Suppl.2. 53-54 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M.Tachibana: "Differences in glutamateーinduced response properties between photoreceptors and horizontal cells." Neurosci.Res.Suppl.8. S59-S67 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A.Kaneko: "Transient calcium current of retinal bipolar cells of the mouse." J.Physiol.(London). 410. 613-629 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A.Kaneko: "Membrane currents of retinal bipolar cells:goldfish vs.mouse." NATO ASI Series. H31. 413-424 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] 立花 政夫: "視細胞から水平細胞・双極装細胞へのシナプス伝達" 蛋白質 核酸 酵素. 34. 642-651 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A.Kaneko: "Transient calcium current of retinal bipolar cells of the mouse." Neurosci. Res.Suppl.10. S67-S76 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] E.A.Schwartz: "Electrophysiology of glutamate and sodium coーtransport in a glial cell of the salamander retina." J.Physiol.(London). 426. 43-80 (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M.Tachibana: "Release of endogenous excitatory amino acids from ONーtype bipolar cells isolated from the goldfish retina." J.Neurosci.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M. Tachibana and A. Kaneko: "L-Glutamate-induced depolarization in solitary photoreceptors : Aprocess that may contribute to the interaction between photoreceptors in situ." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,. 85,. 5315-5319 (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M. Tachibana and A. Kaneko: "Glutamate-induced depolarization in retinal photoreceptors : Carrier-mediated uptake or channel activity?" Biomed. Res.,. Supple. 2,. 53-54, (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M, Tachibana and A. Kaneko: "Differences in glutamate-induced response properties between photoreceptors and horizontal cells." Neurosci. Res.,. Suppl. 8,. 59-67, (1988)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A. Kaneko, L. H. Pinto and M. Tachibana: "Transient calcium current of retinal bipolar cells of the mouse." J. Physiol. (London),. 410,. 613-629, (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A. Keneko, M. Tachibana and L. H. Pinto: "Membrane currents of retinal bipolar cells : goldfish vs. mouse." NATO ASI Series,. Vol. H31, Neurobiology of the Inner Retina. Edited by R. Weiler and N. N. Osborne, Springerverlag, Berlin Heidelberg,. 413-424 (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] A. Kaneko, M. Tachibana and L. H. Pinto: "Transient calcium current of retinal bipolar cels of the mouse." Neurosci. Res.,. Suppl. 10,. S67-S76, (1989)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] E. A. Schwartz and M. Tachibana: "Electrophysiology of glutamate and sodium cotransport in a glial cell of the salamander retina." J. Physiol. (London),. 426,. 43-80, (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] M. Tachibana and T. Okada: "Release of endogenous excitatory amino acids from ON-type bipolar cells isolated from the goldfish retina." J. Neurosci.,.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1990 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] E.A.Schwartz: "Electrophysiology of glutamate and sodium coーtransport in a glial cell of the salamander retina." Journal of Physiology (London). 426. 43-80 (1990)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Tachibana: "Release of endogenous excitatory amino acids from ONーtype bipolar cells isolated from the goldfish retina." Journal of Neuroscience. (1991)

    • Related Report
      1990 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A.Kaneko: "Transient Calcium current of retinal bipolar cells of the mouse." J.Physiol.(London). 410. 613-629 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 立花政夫: "視細胞から水平細胞・双極細胞へのシナプス伝達" 蛋白質 核酸 酵素. 34. 642-651 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A.Kaneko: "Membrane currents of retinal bipolar cells:goldfish vs.mouse" NATO ASI Series. H31. 413-424 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A.Kaneko: "Transient Calcium current of retinal bipolar cells of the mouse." Neuroscience Research. 10. S67-S76 (1989)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] S.Suzuki: "Effects of glycine and GABA on isolated bipolar cells of the mouse retina." J.Physiol.(London). (1990)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] E.A.Schwartz: "Electrophysiology of glutamate and sodium cotransport in a glial cell of the salamander retina." J.Physiol.(London). (1990)

    • Related Report
      1989 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Tachibana: Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA. 85. 5315-5319 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] M.Tachibana: Biomedical Research. 9. 53-54 (1988)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] A.Kaneko: J.Physiol. (London). (1989)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report
  • [Publications] 立花政夫: 蛋白質核酸酵素. (1989)

    • Related Report
      1988 Annual Research Report

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Published: 1988-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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