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Toxicokinetics of agricultural chemicals and its applications to the forensic toxicology

Research Project

Project/Area Number 63570273
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research Field Legal medicine
Research InstitutionKumamoto University

Principal Investigator

TSUNENARI Shigeyuki  Kumamoto Univ. Medical School, Dept. of Forensic Med., Professor, 医学部, 教授 (80040202)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) YONEMITSU Kosei  Kumamoto Univ. Medical School, Dept. of Forensic Med., Assistant, 医学部, 助手 (10128332)
Project Period (FY) 1988 – 1989
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 1989)
Budget Amount *help
¥2,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000)
Fiscal Year 1989: ¥300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 1988: ¥1,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000)
KeywordsForensic toxicology / Agricultural chemicals / Paraquat / Malathion / Methomyl / Toxicokinetics / Pharmacokinetic parameters / Compartment model / 中毒 / 薬動力学的パラメ-タ- / 薬動力学的パラメーター / コンパートメントモデル
Research Abstract

Toxicokinetic studies of paraquat, malathion and methomyl were performed using dogs as experimental animals and their results of pharmacokinetic parameters were discussed from the points of practical applications to forensic toxicology.
The plasma profile of paraquat following its intravenous administration to the dog was fitted to a 3-exponential function of pharmacokinetic analysis, and the distribution and elimination of paraquat in the dog could be analyzed on the bases of a 3-compartment open model system. While a 1- or 2-exponential function was needed to express the pharmacokinetics of malathion and methomyl. The half lives in the elimination phases of these three chemicals after intravenous administrations were about 10 hrs for paraquat, 2-3 hrs for malathion and 2-3 hrs for methomyl, respectively.
The bioavailabilities of paraquat after oral administrations were calculated to be about 5%. These low availabilities were thought to be caused by the low absorption rates of paraquat from the stomach and intestines. The low availabilities were also observed in the experiments of malathion and methomyl. Rapid decompositions of these chemicals in the intestines and the liver were thought to be the main reason for the low availabilities. After large oral doses of malathion and methomyl, no significant changes were observed in their pharmacokinetic parameters.
The present pharmacokinetic data are not enough to evaluate either an unknown dose or the time of ingestion on an actual poisoning case, but they will be useful fundamental data for the forensic toxicology and for the therapy of the patient poisoned of these three chemicals.

Report

(3 results)
  • 1989 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report Summary
  • 1988 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (2 results)

All Other

All Publications (2 results)

  • [Publications] 米満孝聖,木林和彦,古沢世理子,東朋子,恒成茂行: "パラコ-トの薬物動力学とその法医中毒学的応用" 熊本医学会雑誌.

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary
  • [Publications] Kosei YONEMITSU, Kazuhiko KIBAYASHI, Yoriko FURUSAWA, Tomoko HIGASHI and Shigeyuki TSUNENARI: "The Toxicokinetics of Herbicide Paraquat and Their Application to Forensic Toxicology" Journal of Kumamoto Medical Society. (1990)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
    • Related Report
      1989 Final Research Report Summary

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Published: 1988-04-01   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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