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冥王代極限環境下での化学進化から原始生命に至るシミュレーション実験研究

Publicly Offered Research

Project AreaHadean Bioscience
Project/Area Number 15H01069
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Science and Engineering
Research InstitutionHiroshima Shudo University

Principal Investigator

川村 邦男  広島修道大学, 人間環境学部, 教授 (50204772)

Project Period (FY) 2015-04-01 – 2017-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2016)
Budget Amount *help
¥8,450,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,950,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Keywords冥王代環境 / RNAワールド / 化学進化 / 地球科学 / 宇宙科学 / 熱水 / フローリアクター / 生命の起源 / 地球化学
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

本研究では以下を実施した.A:化学進化において重要な粘土鉱物などの影響を400℃までの高温下で解析できる新型リアクターを確立する.B:本装置を用いて原始リボザイムモデル(アボカドウイロイド中のハンマーヘッドリボザイム)の機能およびそれに対する鉱物の影響の効果100℃以上の高温下で解析する.C:原始タンパク質モデルを酵素速度解析しするとともに,原始生体高分子が生化学機能を発現し得た温度・圧力・pH・鉱物種を明らかにする.本年度は前年度の成果を踏まえフローリアクターを完成し,リボザイムの機能を高温下かつ鉱物共存下で解析する.
本装置を用いてジペプチドおよびトリペプチドの環化反応に対する粘土鉱物の影響を調べた.これにより,本装置が冥王代環境のシミュレーションを行うのに十分な性能を持つことを確認した.また,150~200℃でのジペプチドとトリペプチドに対する粘土鉱物の効果を調べ生成物を分析し,現在解析中である.一方,研究協力者(M.-C. Maurel教授・パリ第6大学)からリボザイムの調製法を習得し,研究協力者ら(小川麻里および小長谷紀子・安田女子大学)とリボザイムの調製を行った.このリボザイムを用いて常温で反応を行った結果,自己解裂反応が進行することを確認した.また,これらの研究過程で従来のフローリアクターは高温には十分に対応できたが,高圧条件を十分にカバーできないという課題を見いだした.また,リボザイムにおいては高圧下では自己解裂反応は遅くなる.そこで,従来よりも超高圧下での反応解析を可能にする超高圧型の熱水フローリアクターへの改良を試み,おおむね成功し,このリボザイムの高温高圧下での自己解裂反応に適用し検討中である.

Research Progress Status

28年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

28年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Report

(2 results)
  • 2016 Annual Research Report
  • 2015 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (14 results)

All 2017 2016 2015 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Acknowledgement Compliant: 2 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 7 results,  Invited: 3 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] パリ第6大学(フランス)

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Walking over 4 Gya: Chemical evolution from photochemistry to mineral and organic chemistries leading to an RNA world2017

    • Author(s)
      Kunio Kwamura, Marie-Christine Maure
    • Journal Title

      Origins Life Evol. Biopsheres

      Volume: 印刷中

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] A hypothesis: life initiated from two genes, as deduced from the RNA world hypothesis and the characteristics of life-like systems2016

    • Author(s)
      Kunio Kwamura
    • Journal Title

      Life

      Volume: 6 Issue: 3 Pages: 29-29

    • DOI

      10.3390/life6030029

    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Verification of chemical evolution of RNA under hydrothermal environments on the primitive Earth2015

    • Author(s)
      Kunio Kawamura, Laura Da Silva, Mari Ogawa, Noriko Konagaya, and Marie-Christine Maurel
    • Journal Title

      BIO Web of Conferences

      Volume: 4 Pages: 1-5

    • DOI

      10.1051/bioconf/20150400011

    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 仮説:生命は2つの遺伝子から始まった2017

    • Author(s)
      川村邦男
    • Organizer
      生命の起原および進化学会 第42回学術講演会
    • Place of Presentation
      飯塚
    • Year and Date
      2017-03-28
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Chemical Evolution of RNA and peptides under the extreme ancient Earth environments2017

    • Author(s)
      Kunio Kawamura
    • Organizer
      Seminar at Sandrine Sagan Laboratoire des BioMolecules-LBM
    • Place of Presentation
      パリ第6大学
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Origins of life on the Earth in 4.6 billion years towards modern civilizations2017

    • Author(s)
      Kunio Kawamura
    • Organizer
      Maison Universitaire France-Japon
    • Place of Presentation
      ストラスブルグ
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Oligopeptide formation in the presence and absence of naturally occurring minerals under the hydrothermal environments2016

    • Author(s)
      Kunio Kawamura
    • Organizer
      European Astrobiology Network Association (EANA)
    • Place of Presentation
      アテネ
    • Year and Date
      2016-09-27
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Roles of minerals for the chemical evolution of RNA and peptides under the primitive hydrothermal earth environments2016

    • Author(s)
      Kunio Kawamura
    • Organizer
      CECAM Atomistic simulations in prebiotic chemistry - a dialog between experiment and theory at University Pierre and Marie Curie
    • Place of Presentation
      パリ第6大学
    • Year and Date
      2016-06-20
    • Related Report
      2016 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 熱水環境下におけるペプチド伸長反応に対する鉱物の効果およびより低温下でのペプチド伸長反応2016

    • Author(s)
      川村邦男・丸岡佳美・小長谷紀子
    • Organizer
      生命の起原および進化学会 第41回学術講演会
    • Place of Presentation
      鳴門
    • Year and Date
      2016-03-14
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Drawbacks regarding the chemical evolution of biopolymers under the primitive hydrothermal earth environments2015

    • Author(s)
      Kunio Kawamura
    • Organizer
      Pacifichem 2015
    • Place of Presentation
      Honolulu
    • Year and Date
      2015-12-15
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Difficulty of spontaneous formation and replication of oligonucleotides containing 4 kinds of nucleotide residues using the monomeric activated nucleotides2015

    • Author(s)
      Kunio Kawamura
    • Organizer
      Pacifichem 2015
    • Place of Presentation
      Honolulu
    • Year and Date
      2015-12-15
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Role of minerals for the oligomerization of amino acids under the primitive hydrothermal earth environments2015

    • Author(s)
      Kunio Kawamura, Yoshimi, Maruoka, Noriko Konagaya
    • Organizer
      Goldschmidt 2015
    • Place of Presentation
      Prague
    • Year and Date
      2015-08-16
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] Chapters “Activated Nucleotide”, “Nucleotide Phosphirimidazolide”, and “Oligonuleotide”, in “Encyclopedia of Astrobiology”, Eds. by M. Gargaud, W. M. Irvine, R. Amils, J. Cernicharo Quintanilla, H. J. Cleaves, D. Pinti, D. Rouan, T. Spohn, S. Tirard, M. Viso2015

    • Author(s)
      Kunio Kawamura
    • Total Pages
      2763
    • Publisher
      Springer
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2015-04-16   Modified: 2018-03-28  

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