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大脳皮質ニューロンの後天的な軸索投射シフトの制御機構

Publicly Offered Research

Project AreaMechanisms underlying the functional shift of brain neural circuitry for behavioral adaptation
Project/Area Number 17H05569
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Biological Sciences
Research InstitutionOsaka University

Principal Investigator

山本 亘彦  大阪大学, 生命機能研究科, 教授 (00191429)

Project Period (FY) 2017-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
Budget Amount *help
¥7,020,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,620,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥3,510,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥810,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥3,510,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥810,000)
Keywords神経発芽 / 大脳赤核投射 / アストロサイト / ミクログリア / 大脳運動領 / 赤核 / 損傷回復 / 遺伝子発現 / 大脳皮質 / 脳損傷 / RNAseq / 可塑性 / 神経再生
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

脳損傷後に新たな神経回路が形成され機能回復に寄与することが知られている。大脳皮質運動野から中脳赤核への投射系はその可塑的特性がよく記述され、分子メカニズムを明らかにする上で有用な系である。1980年代、塚原らは一側性の運動野除去に伴い、対側大脳運動野より中脳赤核へ新たな軸索投射が出現することを見出した(Tsukahara, 1981)。この発見に基づいて、除去後の脱神経支配により、赤核細胞から誘引性因子の発現が生じ、健常側を走行する大脳皮質ニューロンの軸索から側枝発芽(collateral sprouting)が誘発されるとの仮説が提唱された。しかしながら、その仮説の妥当性ならびに分子機構についてはほとんどわかっていない。
まず、発達期ラットにおいて一側性の大脳半球除去後、残された対側運動野から中脳への投射パターンを様々な時間経過で調べたところ、手術後2-7日の時期に損傷側中脳への異所的投射が出現することが明らかになった(昨年まで)。加えて、RNA-seqを用いた解析により、その期間に損傷側中脳で発現を増大する遺伝子が多数存在することが分かってきた。本年度、このRNA-seqによる解析を進展させた結果、発現上昇した遺伝子のほとんどはアストロサイトやミクログリア由来であることが明らかになった。次に、一側性大脳除去後にこれらグリア細胞の分布や形態を抗体染色によって調べると、中脳におけるミクログリアの活性化ならびに活性化アストロサイト(GFAP陽性)の数の増大が見出された。特に、活性化アストロサイトは損傷後に中脳で健常側から損傷側へ帯状に分布する状況が見出された。これらの結果から、脳損傷に伴う大脳から対側中脳への新たな投射形成に、グリア細胞が重要な役割を果たすことが示唆された。

Research Progress Status

平成30年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

平成30年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Report

(2 results)
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • 2017 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (19 results)

All 2018 2017 Other

All Journal Article (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 4 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (14 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Invited: 3 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Visualization of Thalamocortical Axon Branching and Synapse Formation in Organotypic Cocultures2018

    • Author(s)
      Matsumoto N, Yamamoto N
    • Journal Title

      J Vis Exp

      Volume: 133 Issue: 133

    • DOI

      10.3791/56553

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report 2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling of Histone Deacetylase 9 Controls Activity-Dependent Thalamocortical Axon Branching2017

    • Author(s)
      Ricardo Alchini, Haruka Sato, Naoyuki Matsumoto, Tomomi Shimogori, Noriyuki Sugo, Nobuhiko Yamamoto
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 7 Issue: 1 Pages: 6024-6024

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-017-06243-7

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Immunocytochemistry and fluorescence imaging efficiently identify individual neurons with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene disruption in primary cortical cultures2017

    • Author(s)
      Hiroto Tsunematsu, Akiko Uyeda, Nobuhiko Yamamoto, Noriyuki Sugo
    • Journal Title

      BMC Neuroscience

      Volume: 18 Issue: 1 Pages: 55-55

    • DOI

      10.1186/s12868-017-0377-9

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Genome Stability by DNA polymerase β in Neural Progenitors Contributes Neuronal Differentiation in Cortical Development2017

    • Author(s)
      Kohei Onishi, Akiko Uyeda, Mistuhiro Shida, Teruyoshi Hirayama, Takeshi Yagi, Nobuhiko Yamamoto, Noriyuki Sugo
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Neuroscience

      Volume: 37 Issue: 35 Pages: 8444-8485

    • DOI

      10.1523/jneurosci.0665-17.2017

    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Molecular mechanisms of activity-dependent axon branching in neocortical circuits2018

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto N
    • Organizer
      The 5th International Symposium on Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Kit ligand-cKit signaling negatively regulates activity-dependent thalamocortical axon branching2018

    • Author(s)
      Hayano Y, Araki T, Sasaki K, Miyasaka K, Nakasone T, Hata Y, Yamamoto N
    • Organizer
      ISDN 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Genome stability by DNA polymerase β is required for neuronal differentiation in the postnatal cortex2018

    • Author(s)
      Uyeda A, Onishi K, Hirayama K, Yagi T, Yamamoto N, Sugo N
    • Organizer
      ISDN 2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Glial cell dynamics associated with ectopic corticofugal projections after hemispherectomy2018

    • Author(s)
      Chang LC, Yamamoto N
    • Organizer
      The 41st Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] BDNF promoter activity is modulated by patterned firing activity in upper layer neurons of the developing cortex2018

    • Author(s)
      Miyasaka Y, Kamei A, Yamamoto N
    • Organizer
      The 41st Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Patterned neuronal firing regulates promoter activity of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in individual cortical neurons2018

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto N
    • Organizer
      SPONT2018
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Activity-Dependent Mechanisms for Thalamocortical Circuit Formation2017

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto N
    • Organizer
      The 48th NIPS International Symposium
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 神経活動依存的な視床皮質軸索の分岐制御機構2017

    • Author(s)
      山本亘彦
    • Organizer
      第39回神経組織培養研究会
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] The role of neuronal activity and co-factors in CREB dynamics in cortical neurons: A single-molecule imaging study2017

    • Author(s)
      Kitagawa H, Sugo N, Yamamoto N
    • Organizer
      Cortical development Conference
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A negative regulator for activity-dependent thalamocortical axon branching2017

    • Author(s)
      Hayano Y, Araki T, Sasaki K, Miyasaka Y, Nakasone T, Hata Y, Yamamoto, N
    • Organizer
      Cortical Development Conference
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Real-time luciferase assay reveals the effects of patterned neuronal activity on BDNF expression in the developing cortex2017

    • Author(s)
      Miyasaka Y, Miyagawa H, Yamamoto N
    • Organizer
      The 40th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Temporal sequence of contralateral corticofugal projections and gene expression in the midbrain after hemispherectomy2017

    • Author(s)
      Chang L, Yamamoto N
    • Organizer
      The 40th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] The role of DNA polymerase β in postnatal cortical neuron development2017

    • Author(s)
      Uyeda A, Sugo N, Onishi K, Lyu J, Hirayama T, Yagi T, Yamamoto N
    • Organizer
      The 40th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] A study of the role of DNA polymerase β in human brain development using induced pluripotent stem cells2017

    • Author(s)
      Tsunematsu H, Sugo N, Kurosawa A, Adachi N, Yamamoto N
    • Organizer
      The 40th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society
    • Related Report
      2017 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 大阪大学大学院生命機能研究科・細胞分子神経生物学研究室(山本研)

    • URL

      http://www.fbs.osaka-u.ac.jp/labs/neurobiol/

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2017-04-28   Modified: 2019-12-27  

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