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室内・数値衝突実験による氷天体衝突時のエネルギー分配・化学反応過程の解明

Publicly Offered Research

Project AreaAqua planetology
Project/Area Number 18H04464
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research InstitutionChiba Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

黒澤 耕介  千葉工業大学, 惑星探査研究センター, 上席研究員 (80616433)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2020-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000)
Keywords天体衝突 / 衝撃脱ガス / 水–有機物 / C型小惑星 / 二段式軽ガス銃 / 質量分析 / 小惑星探査 / リュウグウ / 高速度天体衝突 / 水-岩石-有機物相互作用 / 相変化 / 化学反応 / 惑星システム / 衝突誘起相変化 / 揮発性元素分配 / 火星 / 蒸発岩 / 二段式水素ガス銃 / 衝撃加熱 / 高速度衝突実験
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

二段式水素ガス銃は, 惑星科学における重要素過程である天体衝突現象を調べる上で理想的な加速器の一つである. 2019年度までで二段式水素ガス銃を用いつつ, 銃由来の化学汚染を極力抑える実験手法を確立し, 衝突で発生するガス成分の気相化学分析を行う手順を確立した. 2020年度はこの成果を論文としてまとめ, 国際誌に報告した.
本手法をC型小惑星構成物質模擬試料を用いた衝撃脱ガス実験に適用した. C型小惑星は内側太陽系への水と有機物の主要な運び手であると考えられており, その起源と進化を探るべく, はやぶさ2, OSIRIS-RExといった小惑星探査の対象天体となっている. これらの探査からわかってきたことはC型小惑星であるリュウグウ, Bennuはその歴史を通じて様々な衝突現象を経験したこと, リュウグウはその歴史のどこかの時点で加熱を受け, 揮発性成分の大部分を失っていることである. そこでC型小惑星に内包される揮発性成分の衝撃に対する安定性を調べるべく, 系統的な衝撃実験を実施した. その結果, 衝撃によって放出される気体の主要成分はCO2であり, 小惑星帯における典型的な衝突速度の条件では衝突体質量の0.1 wt%程度の揮発性成分放出しか起こらないことが明らかとなった. 本研究の結果はリュウグウが揮発性成分を失った理由の一つとして挙げられている, 「リュウグウ母天体への多数の天体衝突による加熱説」を強く否定するものである. また実験の結果, 硫黄含有ガスの放出がほとんど起こらないことも明らかになった. これは天体衝突直下点の物質のS/C比が上昇することを意味する. 2020年末に地球に帰還するはやぶさ2がもたらすリュウグウからの回収試料を分析する際に天体衝突の痕跡を探す指標として有用であると期待される.

Research Progress Status

令和元年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

令和元年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Report

(2 results)
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (24 results)

All 2020 2019 2018 Other

All Journal Article (10 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Peer Reviewed: 10 results,  Open Access: 4 results) Presentation (13 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results,  Invited: 1 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Crater-ray formation through mutual collisions of hypervelocity-impact induced ejecta particles2020

    • Author(s)
      Kadono Toshihiko、Suzuki Ayako I.、Matsumura Rintaro、Naka Junta、Suetsugu Ryo、Kurosawa Kosuke、Hasegawa Sunao
    • Journal Title

      Icarus

      Volume: 339 Pages: 260-264

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.icarus.2019.113590

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Generating metal-polluting debris in white dwarf planetary systems from small-impact crater ejecta2020

    • Author(s)
      Veras Dimitri、Kurosawa Kosuke
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 494 Issue: 1 Pages: 442-457

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/staa621

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Assessment of the probability of microbial contamination for sample return from Martian moons II: The fate of microbes on Martian moons2019

    • Author(s)
      Kurosawa Kosuke、Genda Hidenori、Hyodo Ryuki、Yamagishi Akihiko、Mikouchi Takashi、Niihara Takafumi、Matsuyama Shingo、Fujita Kazuhisa
    • Journal Title

      Life Sciences in Space Research

      Volume: 23 Pages: 85-100

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.lssr.2019.07.006

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Assessment of the probability of microbial contamination for sample return from Martian moons I: Departure of microbes from Martian surface2019

    • Author(s)
      Fujita Kazuhisa、Kurosawa Kosuke、Genda Hidenori、Hyodo Ryuki、Matsuyama Shingo、Yamagishi Akihiko、Mikouchi Takashi、Niihara Takafumi
    • Journal Title

      Life Sciences in Space Research

      Volume: 23 Pages: 73-84

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.lssr.2019.07.009

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Enhancement of Impact Heating in Pressure‐Strengthened Rocks in Oblique Impacts2019

    • Author(s)
      Wakita S.、Genda H.、Kurosawa K.、Davison T. M.
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters

      Volume: 46 Issue: 23 Pages: 13678-13686

    • DOI

      10.1029/2019gl085174

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Transport of impact ejecta from Mars to its moons as a means to reveal Martian history2019

    • Author(s)
      Hyodo Ryuki、Kurosawa Kosuke、Genda Hidenori、Usui Tomohiro、Fujita Kazuhisa
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 9 Issue: 1 Pages: 19833-19833

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-019-56139-x

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Shock Vaporization/Devolatilization of Evaporitic Minerals, Halite and Gypsum, in an Open System Investigated by a Two‐Stage Light Gas Gun2019

    • Author(s)
      Kurosawa Kosuke、Moriwaki Ryota、Komatsu Goro、Okamoto Takaya、Sakuma Hiroshi、Yabuta Hikaru、Matsui Takafumi
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters

      Volume: 46 Issue: 13 Pages: 7258-7267

    • DOI

      10.1029/2019gl083249

    • NAID

      120006778529

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Impact cratering mechanics: A forward approach to predicting ejecta velocity distribution and transient crater radii2019

    • Author(s)
      Kurosawa Kosuke、Takada Satoshi
    • Journal Title

      Icarus

      Volume: 317 Pages: 135-147

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.icarus.2018.06.021

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] The launch of Martian meteorites2018

    • Author(s)
      黒澤 耕介、玄田 英典、岡本 尚也、松井 孝典
    • Journal Title

      Planetary People - The Japanese Society for Planetary Sciences

      Volume: 27 Issue: 3 Pages: 197-206

    • DOI

      10.14909/yuseijin.27.3_197

    • NAID

      130007546972

    • ISSN
      0918-273X, 2423-897X
    • Year and Date
      2018-09-25
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Dust Sensor with Large Sensitive Area Using Multi-Layer Insulation and Piezoelectric Elements2018

    • Author(s)
      KOBAYASHI Masanori、OKUDAIRA Osamu、KUROSAWA Kosuke、OKAMOTO Takaya、MATSUI Takafumi
    • Journal Title

      TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES, AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY JAPAN

      Volume: 16 Issue: 7 Pages: 691-697

    • DOI

      10.2322/tastj.16.691

    • NAID

      130007504897

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Impact simulations by using iSALE shock physics code: Its applications to planetary sciences2020

    • Author(s)
      黒澤耕介
    • Organizer
      天文シミュレーションプロジェクトユーザーズミーティング
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Hypervelocity oblique impacts onto planets with N2-rich atmosphere: Characteristics of chemical reaction fields for reactive N-bearing species2020

    • Author(s)
      黒澤耕介, 森脇涼太, 鈴木宏二郎, 大田準一郎, 安川和孝, 黒川宏之, 多田隆二, 松井孝典
    • Organizer
      8th Life in the Universe Workshop by Astrobiology center
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] The roles of strength on shock-induced devolatilization from calcite2020

    • Author(s)
      Kurosawa, K. H. Genda, S. Azuma, and K. Okazaki
    • Organizer
      Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Shock devolatilization of CI chondrite simulants2020

    • Author(s)
      Kurosawa, K. R. Moriwaki, H. Yabuta, K. Ishibashi, G. Komatsu, and T. Matsui
    • Organizer
      Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 天体衝突で発生する放出物カーテン中の電荷移動2019

    • Author(s)
      黒澤耕介, 岩澤聖徳, 奥住聡, 長谷川直, 村主崇行
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Enhancement of impact heating in strength-supported media2019

    • Author(s)
      Kurosawa, K., Genda, H., Wakita, S., Davison, T., Hyodo, R., Nakamura, T.
    • Organizer
      日本地球惑星科学連合大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 岩石の塑性変形加熱: 炭酸塩岩からの衝撃脱ガス量を用いた検証2019

    • Author(s)
      黒澤耕介, 玄田英典
    • Organizer
      日本惑星科学会秋季講演会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Planetary protection issues: A Phobos case study2019

    • Author(s)
      Kurosawa, K., H. Genda, R. Hyodo, A. Yamagishi, and K. Fujita
    • Organizer
      Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Shock vaporization/devolatilization of evaporites in an open system2019

    • Author(s)
      Kurosawa, K. R. Moriwaki, G. Komatsu, T. Okamoto, H. Sakuma, H. Yabuta, and T. Matsui
    • Organizer
      Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 天体衝突による惑星システムの擾乱を調べる室内衝突実験系の構築2018

    • Author(s)
      黒澤耕介, 森脇涼太, 小松吾郎, 岡本尚也, 佐久間博, 薮田ひかる, 松井孝典
    • Organizer
      第2回水惑星学全体会議
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 二段式水素ガス銃を用いた無隔膜開放系衝突脱ガス実験2018

    • Author(s)
      黒澤耕介, 森脇涼太, 小松吾郎, 岡本尚也, 佐久間博, 薮田ひかる, 松井孝典
    • Organizer
      天体の衝突物理の解明(XIV)
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Experimental study on oblique impacts with various projectiles2018

    • Author(s)
      Ayako, I. Suzuki, Yoichim Fujita, Shunya Harada, Masato Kiuchi, Yasunori Komoto, Eri Matsumoto, Tomomi Omura, Sae Shigaki, Erine Taguchi, Sayaka Tsujido, Kosuke Kurosawa, Sunao Hasegawa, Takayuki Hiraim Makoto Tabata, Hideki Tamura, Toshihiko Kadono, Akiko M. Nakamura, Masahiko Arakawa, Seiji Sugita, Ko Ishibashi
    • Organizer
      9th Workshop on Catastrophic Disruption in the Solar System
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A full-chain analytical model to connect projectile/target properties with ejecta velocity distributions and transient crater radii2018

    • Author(s)
      Kosuke Kurosawa, Satoshi Takada
    • Organizer
      9th Workshop on Catastrophic Disruption in the Solar System
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Remarks] 黒澤上席研究員のチームが衝突蒸気雲の気相化学分析手法を開発

    • URL

      http://www.perc.it-chiba.ac.jp/news/4317

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2021-01-27  

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