Optical follow-up observations of gravitational wave objects from New Zealand

• Project Area: Gravitational wave physics and astronomy: Genesis
• Project/Area Number: 18H04582
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Institution: Nagoya University
• Principal Investigator: 阿部 文雄 名古屋大学, 宇宙地球環境研究所, 客員准教授 (80184224)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
• Keywords: 重力波 / 相対論 / 光学赤外線天文学 / 中性子星 / 元素合成 / ブラックホール / 相対性理論

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

本研究は、ニュージーランド・マウントジョン天文台のMOA II 1.8m望遠鏡およびB&C 61cm望遠鏡を利用して、LIGO/Virgoなどの重力波検出器で検出された重力波の光学的対応天体の観測を目指すものである。重力波を放出する事象のうち、中性子星を含む合体事象がおきた場合、その光学的対応天体を観測することにより、合体で生じたキロノヴァと呼ばれる状態の様子が明らかとなり、宇宙の重元素の起源などの解明が期待される。
重力波検出の3度目の観測期間O3は、2019年4月に開始された。実際には、重力波検出器で検出された事象の多くは、光などの電磁放出が期待できないブラックホール連星によるものであり、遠方で起きたこうした事象は観測対象から除くなどの工夫を行い、この期間に起きた6個の事象について、B&C望遠鏡による追観測を実施した。このうち、ブラックホール連星は2個、中性子星連星が2個、中性子星・ブラックホール連星が2個である。これらの事象の解析から、対応天体を発見することはできなかったが、貴重な南半球の望遠鏡として活躍し、世界的な研究者のネットワークGCNに3回の報告を行った。
これらの観測中、B&C望遠鏡の残像の問題、MOA II望遠鏡のフリンジの問題などが判明し、これらの問題の研究を行い対応策の検討を行った。この結果、残像の問題は、pre-flashによって解決可能であること、フリンジ問題については、星像を除いたフリンジイメージを差し引く手法を開発して解決した。今後の観測に生かす予定である。
この様に、O3の期間は実際に光学的対応天体を観測することはできず、3月にはコロナウィルスの影響で天文台が閉鎖され、重力波検出器も稼働を停止したが、追観測の手法を改良し、将来起きる事象への準備を進めることができた。

Research Progress Status

令和元年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

令和元年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Canterbury(ニュージーランド)
• [Journal Article] Spitzer Microlensing Parallax Reveals Two Isolated Stars in the Galactic Bulge (2020)
  • Author(s): Zang Weicheng、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 891 Issue: 1 Pages: 3-3
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab6ff8
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] OGLE-2013-BLG-0911Lb: A Secondary on the Brown-dwarf Planet Boundary around an M Dwarf (2020)
  • Author(s): Miyazaki Shota、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 159 Issue: 2 Pages: 76-76
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab64de
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] OGLE-2018-BLG-1700L: Microlensing Planet in Binary Stellar System (2020)
  • Author(s): Han Cheongho、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 159 Issue: 2 Pages: 48-48
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab5db9
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] MOA-bin-29b: A Microlensing Gas-giant Planet Orbiting a Low-mass Host Star (2019)
  • Author(s): Kondo Iona、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 158 Issue: 6 Pages: 224-224
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab4e9e
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] OGLE-2015-BLG-1649Lb: A Gas Giant Planet around a Low-mass Dwarf (2019)
  • Author(s): Nagakane M.、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 158 Issue: 5 Pages: 212-212
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab4881
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The 2L1S/1L2S Degeneracy for Two Microlensing Planet Candidates Discovered by the KMTNet Survey in 2017 (2019)
  • Author(s): Shin I.-G.、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 158 Issue: 5 Pages: 199-199
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab46a5
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] LIGO/Virgo S190930t: J-GEM follow-up observation for Swift J221951-484240 (2019)
  • Author(s): Kamei, Y.; Abe, F.; Tristram, P. J. (Nagoya U.); Murata, K. L. (Tokyo Institute of Technology); Onozato, H. (U. Hyogo); Utsumi, Y. (Stanford/SLAC) on behalf of J-GEM collaboration
  • Journal Title: GCN Circular Volume: 25941 Pages: 1-1
  • Open Access
• [Journal Article] OGLE-2017-BLG-1186: first application of asteroseismology and Gaussian processes to microlensing (2019)
  • Author(s): Li S-S、Zang W、et al.
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 488 Issue: 3 Pages: 3308-3323
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz1873
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] OGLE-2018-BLG-1011Lb,c: Microlensing Planetary System with Two Giant Planets Orbiting a Low-mass Star (2019)
  • Author(s): Han Cheongho、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 158 Issue: 3 Pages: 114-114
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab2f74
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Spectroscopic Mass and Host-star Metallicity Measurements for Newly Discovered Microlensing Planet OGLE-2018-BLG-0740Lb (2019)
  • Author(s): Han Cheongho、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 158 Issue: 3 Pages: 102-102
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab2df4
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] An analysis of binary microlensing event OGLE-2015-BLG-0060 (2019)
  • Author(s): Tsapras Y、et al.
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 487 Issue: 4 Pages: 4603-4614
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz1404
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] LIGO/Virgo S190814bv: No candidates found in J-GEM follow-up observations (2019)
  • Author(s): Shikauchi, M. et al.
  • Journal Title: GRB Coordinates Network, Circular Service Volume: 25389 Pages: 1-1
  • Open Access
• [Journal Article] Spitzer Parallax of OGLE-2018-BLG-0596: A Low-mass-ratio Planet around an M Dwarf (2019)
  • Author(s): Jung Youn Kil、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 158 Issue: 1 Pages: 28-28
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab237f
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] OGLE-2015-BLG-1670Lb: A Cold Neptune beyond the Snow Line in the Provisional WFIRST Microlensing Survey Field (2019)
  • Author(s): Ranc Clement、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 157 Issue: 6 Pages: 232-232
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab141b
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] OGLE-2018-BLG-0022: First Prediction of an Astrometric Microlensing Signal from a Photometric Microlensing Event (2019)
  • Author(s): Han Cheongho、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 876 Issue: 1 Pages: 81-81
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab1539
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Two new free-floating or wide-orbit planets from microlensing (2019)
  • Author(s): Mroz Przemek他
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: 622 Pages: A201-A201
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201834557
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Spitzer Microlensing of MOA-2016-BLG-231L: A Counter-rotating Brown Dwarf Binary in the Galactic Disk (2019)
  • Author(s): Chung Sun-Ju他
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 871 Issue: 2 Pages: 179-179
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aaf861
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] OGLE-2016-BLG-0156: Microlensing Event with Pronounced Microlens-parallax Effects Yielding a Precise Lens Mass Measurement (2019)
  • Author(s): Jung Youn Kil他
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 872 Issue: 2 Pages: 175-175
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab001f
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Spitzer Microlensing Parallax for OGLE-2016-BLG-1067: A Sub-Jupiter Orbiting an M Dwarf in the Disk (2019)
  • Author(s): Calchi Novati S.他
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 157 Issue: 3 Pages: 121-121
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/ab0106
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] OGLE-2014-BLG-0962 and a Comparison of Galactic Model Priors to Microlensing Data (2019)
  • Author(s): Shan Yutong他
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 873 Issue: 1 Pages: 30-30
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab0021
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] OGLE-2017-BLG-0482Lb: A Microlensing Super-Earth Orbiting a Low-mass Host Star (2018)
  • Author(s): Han C.他
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 155 Issue: 5 Pages: 211-211
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aabad2
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] OGLE-2015-BLG-1459L: The Challenges of Exo-moon Microlensing (2018)
  • Author(s): Hwang K.-H.他
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 155 Issue: 6 Pages: 259-259
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aac2cb
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A Likely Detection of a Two-planet System in a Low-magnification Microlensing Event (2018)
  • Author(s): Suzuki D.他
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 155 Issue: 6 Pages: 263-263
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aabd7a
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A Planetary Microlensing Event with an Unusually Red Source Star: MOA-2011-BLG-291 (2018)
  • Author(s): Bennett David P.他
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 156 Issue: 3 Pages: 113-113
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aad59c
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] MOA-2015-BLG-337: A Planetary System with a Low-mass Brown Dwarf/Planetary Boundary Host, or a Brown Dwarf Binary (2018)
  • Author(s): Miyazaki S.他
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 156 Issue: 3 Pages: 136-136
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aad5ee
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] MOA-2016-BLG-319Lb: Microlensing Planet Subject to Rare Minor-image Perturbation Degeneracy in Determining Planet Parameters (2018)
  • Author(s): Han Cheongho他
  • Journal Title: The Astronomical Journal Volume: 156 Issue: 5 Pages: 226-226
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aae38e
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] OGLE-2017-BLG-0039: Microlensing Event with Light from a Lens Identified from Mass Measurement (2018)
  • Author(s): Han C.他
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 867 Issue: 2 Pages: 136-136
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aae536
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A study of the light travel time effect in short-period MOA eclipsing binaries via eclipse timing (2018)
  • Author(s): Li M C A、Rattenbury N J、Bond I A、Sumi T、Bennett D P、Koshimoto N、Abe F、Asakura Y、Barry R、Bhattacharya A、Donachie M、Evans P、Fukui A、Hirao Y、Itow Y、Masuda K、Matsubara Y、Muraki Y、Nagakane M、Ohnishi K、Saito To、Sharan A、Sullivan D J、Suzuki D、Tristram P J、Yonehara A
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 480 Issue: 4 Pages: 4557-4577
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty2104
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] First Assessment of the Binary Lens OGLE-2015-BLG-0232 (2018)
  • Author(s): Bachelet E.他
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 870 Issue: 1 Pages: 11-11
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aaedb9
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Follow-up observations by MOA in O3 period (2020)
  • Author(s): Fumio Abe, Nagoya University, MOA collaboration J-GEM collaboration
  • Organizer: Gravitational wave physics and astronomy: Genesis
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] MOA-II 望遠鏡を用いた低質量原始ブラックホールの探査 (2019)
  • Author(s): 藤井大翔, MOA コラボレーション
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会
• [Presentation] 深層学習を用いた MOA-II マイクロレンズサーベイ画像におけるリアルタイ ムイベント検出の高効率化 (2019)
  • Author(s): 末松春乃, MOA コラボレーション
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会
• [Presentation] 低質量比の惑星候補イベントOGLE-2018-BLG-1185/MOA-2018-BLG-228の解 析 (2019)
  • Author(s): 近藤依央菜, MOA コラボレーション
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会
• [Presentation] 重力マイクロレンズ法による巨大ガス惑星周りの衛星存在確率に対する制限 (2019)
  • Author(s): 山川竹玄, MOA コラボレーション
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会
• [Presentation] B&C 61cm 望遠鏡による南天での重力波対応天体探査 (2019)
  • Author(s): 亀井悠平, MOA コラホレーション, J-GEM コラホレーション
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会
• [Presentation] Massive black hole search by MOA (2019)
  • Author(s): 阿部文雄
  • Organizer: 23rd International Microlensing Conference
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] MOA 望遠鏡を用いた大質量ブラックホールの探索 (2018)
  • Author(s): 宗像恒
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2018年秋季年会
• [Presentation] Follow-up observations of GW events and search for black holes by MOA (2018)
  • Author(s): 阿部文雄
  • Organizer: The second annual symposium of innovative area Gravitational wave physics and astronomy: Genesis
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Follow up observations with B&C telescope (2018)
  • Author(s): 亀井悠平
  • Organizer: The second annual symposium of innovative area Gravitational wave physics and astronomy: Genesis
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Remarks] Gravitational wave physics and astronomy: Genesis
  • URL: https://gw-genesis.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ilias/ilias.php?baseClass=ilPersonalDesktopGUI&cmd=jumpToMemberships
• [Remarks] 新学術領域研究・計画研究A02「天体重力波の光学赤外線対応現象の探索」
  • URL: http://jgem.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/
• [Remarks] Microlansing Observations in Astrophysics
  • URL: http://www.phys.canterbury.ac.nz/moa/