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Regulation of biological functions by very long-chain lipids and molecular mechanism of the related pathology

Publicly Offered Research

Project AreaQuality of lipids in biological systems
Project/Area Number 18H04664
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Research InstitutionHokkaido University

Principal Investigator

木原 章雄  北海道大学, 薬学研究院, 教授 (50333620)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2020-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
Budget Amount *help
¥9,880,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,280,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥4,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,140,000)
Keywords脂質 / 脂肪酸 / 極長鎖脂肪酸 / スフィンゴ脂質 / 代謝
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

極長鎖脂肪酸の産生を担う脂肪酸伸長酵素Elovl1の遺伝子欠損はマウスの食道においてアシルセラミドの量の低下を引き起こした。しかし,この遺伝子欠損はマウス食道に対して明確な形態異常を引き起こさなかった。また,本年度,アシルセラミドがヒトの食道にも存在する可能性を検討したが,ヒトには存在していなかった。一方,口腔においてはマウス,ヒト共にアシルセラミドが存在していた。そこでアシルセラミドの口腔でのバリア形成における役割を調べるためにElovl1変異マウスに対して色素透過性実験を行なったところ,野生型マウスに比べて色素の高い浸透が見られた。このことから,アシルセラミドが表皮だけではなく,口腔においてもバリア形成に働くことが示唆された。
昨年度,ELOVL1遺伝子の変異がヒトにおいて皮膚魚鱗癬だけでなく,痙性麻痺と高周波難聴を含む複数の神経症状を引き起こすことを報告した。しかし,ELOVL1欠損が脂質組成や脳内の詳細な病理学的変化に及ぼす影響は不明のままであった。そこで本年度は,ヒトELOVL1欠損症のモデルとして,Elovl1変異マウスを解析した。このマウスは生後生存率の低下を示し,一部のマウスは驚愕てんかんで死亡した。このマウスの脳ではガラクトシルセラミド,スルファチド,スフィンゴミエリン,セラミドなどのスフィンゴ脂質の鎖長が著しく短くなっていた。また,ミエリンの形成や安定性に重要なガラクトシルセラミドの量が減少しており,ガラクトシルセラミド合成酵素Ugt8aの発現が低下していた。Elovl1変異マウスの脳梁を電子顕微鏡で観察したところ,大径軸索を中心にミエリン厚の低下が認められた。さらに,行動実験では,運動協調性の低下や高強度の音に対する驚愕反応の低下などの障害が認められた。これらの結果は,ELOVL1変異患者の神経症状の分子機構を解明する手がかりを与えた。

Research Progress Status

令和元年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

令和元年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Report

(2 results)
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • 2018 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (29 results)

All 2020 2019 2018 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (15 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 11 results,  Open Access: 6 results) Presentation (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Invited: 1 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Heidelberg University Hospital(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ベルリン医科大学(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Biosynthesis of the anti‐lipid‐microdomain sphingoid base 4,14‐sphingadiene by the ceramide desaturase FADS32020

    • Author(s)
      Jojima Keisuke,Edagawa Mai,Sawai Megumi,Ohno Yusuke,Kihara Akio
    • Journal Title

      The FASEB Journal

      Volume: 34 Issue: 2 Pages: 3318-3335

    • DOI

      10.1096/fj.201902645r

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Severe Skin Permeability Barrier Dysfunction in Knockout Mice Deficient in a Fatty Acid ω-Hydroxylase Crucial to Acylceramide Production2020

    • Author(s)
      Miyamoto Masatoshi、Itoh Narumi、Sawai Megumi、Sassa Takayuki、Kihara Akio
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Investigative Dermatology

      Volume: 140 Issue: 2 Pages: 319-326

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.689

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Skin permeability barrier formation by the ichthyosis-causative gene FATP4 through formation of the barrier lipid ω-O-acylceramide2020

    • Author(s)
      Yamamoto Haruka,Hattori Miku,Chamulitrat Walee,Ohno Yusuke,Kihara Akio
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

      Volume: 117 Issue: 6 Pages: 2914-2922

    • DOI

      10.1073/pnas.1917525117

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Reduced chain length in myelin sphingolipids and poorer motor coordination in mice deficient in the fatty acid elongase Elovl12019

    • Author(s)
      Isokawa Masashi、Sassa Takayuki、Hattori Satoko、Miyakawa Tsuyoshi、Kihara Akio
    • Journal Title

      FASEB BioAdvances

      Volume: 1 Issue: 12 Pages: 747-759

    • DOI

      10.1096/fba.2019-00067

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] スフィンゴ脂質クオリティによる生体防御2019

    • Author(s)
      木原章雄
    • Journal Title

      The Lipid

      Volume: 30 Pages: 28-34

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 小胞体における新たな脂肪酸α酸化経路2019

    • Author(s)
      木原章雄
    • Journal Title

      酵素工学ニュース

      Volume: 82 Pages: 22-25

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Neural symptoms in a gene knockout mouse model of Sjogren-Larsson syndrome are associated with a decrease in 2-hydroxygalactosylceramide2019

    • Author(s)
      Kanetake Tsukasa, Sassa Takayuki, Nojiri Koki, Sawai Megumi, Hattori Satoko, Miyakawa Tsuyoshi, Kitamura Takuya, Kihara Akio
    • Journal Title

      The FASEB Journal

      Volume: 33 Issue: 1 Pages: 928-941

    • DOI

      10.1096/fj.201800291r

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] De novo mutation in ELOVL1 causes ichthyosis, acanthosis nigricans, hypomyelination, spastic paraplegia, high frequency deafness and optic atrophy2019

    • Author(s)
      Mueller Noomi, Sassa Takayuki, Morales-Gonzalez Susanne, Schneider Joanna, Salchow Daniel J, Seelow Dominik, Knierim Ellen, Stenzel Werner, Kihara Akio, Schuelke Markus
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Medical Genetics

      Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Pages: 164-175

    • DOI

      10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105711

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Yeast Mpo1 is a novel dioxygenase that catalyzes the α-oxidation of a 2-hydroxy fatty acid in an Fe2+-dependent manner2019

    • Author(s)
      Seki Naoya, Mori Keisuke, Kitamura Takuya, Miyamoto Masatoshi, Kihara Akio
    • Journal Title

      Molecular and Cellular Biology

      Volume: 39 Issue: 5

    • DOI

      10.1128/mcb.00428-18

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] The role of PNPLA1 in ω-O-acylceramide synthesis and skin barrier function2019

    • Author(s)
      Hirabayashi Tetsuya、Murakami Makoto、Kihara Akio
    • Journal Title

      Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids

      Volume: 1864 Issue: 6 Pages: 869-879

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.09.010

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Widespread tissue distribution and synthetic pathway of polyunsaturated C24:2 sphingolipids in mammals2018

    • Author(s)
      Edagawa Mai, Sawai Megumi, Ohno Yusuke, Kihara Akio
    • Journal Title

      Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids

      Volume: 1863 Issue: 12 Pages: 1441-1448

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.09.002

    • NAID

      120006776810

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Molecular mechanism of the ichthyosis pathology of Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome: Stimulation of PNPLA1-catalyzed ω-O-acylceramide production by ABHD5.2018

    • Author(s)
      Ohno Y., Nara A., Nakamichi S., and Kihara A.
    • Journal Title

      J. Dermatol. Sci.

      Volume: 92 Issue: 3 Pages: 245-253

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.11.005

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 脂質による皮膚バリア形成と疾患制御2018

    • Author(s)
      村上誠, 木原章雄
    • Journal Title

      実験医学

      Volume: 36 Pages: 160-167

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] スフィンゴ脂質長鎖塩基の代謝と脂肪酸α酸化2018

    • Author(s)
      木原章雄
    • Journal Title

      Plant Morphology

      Volume: 30 Pages: 5-14

    • NAID

      130007622407

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] スフィンゴ脂質代謝と疾患制御2018

    • Author(s)
      木原章雄
    • Journal Title

      実験医学

      Volume: 36 Pages: 46-52

    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 哺乳類セラミドの多様性を生み出す分子機構2020

    • Author(s)
      木原章雄
    • Organizer
      第14回スフィンゴテラピィ研究会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Acylceramide production and skin barrier formation by the fatty acid omega-hydroxylase CYP4F22/Cyp4f392019

    • Author(s)
      Itoh N, Ohno Y, Sassa T, Kihara A
    • Organizer
      FEBS Special Meeting on Sphingolipid Biology
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Very long-chain lipids produced by the fatty acid elongase ELOVL1 are important for myelin formation and motor coordination2019

    • Author(s)
      Sassa T, Isokawa M, Kihara A
    • Organizer
      60th International Conference on the Bioscience of Lipids
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Decreases in chain lengths and level of myelin sphingolipids are associated with hypomyelination and deficient motor coordination in mice lacking fatty acid elongase ELOVL12019

    • Author(s)
      Sassa T, Isokawa M, Kihara A
    • Organizer
      第42回日本神経科学大会/第62回日本神経化学会大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] アシルCoA合成酵素FATP4/ACSVL4は皮膚バリア脂質アシルセラミドの合成に関与する2019

    • Author(s)
      山本春佳, 服部未来, 大野祐介, 木原章雄
    • Organizer
      第92回日本生化学会大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 脳ミエリンにおける脂肪酸伸長酵素ELOVL1の機能解析2018

    • Author(s)
      磯川昌志, 佐々貴之, 木原章雄
    • Organizer
      日本薬学会北海道支部145回例会
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 皮膚バリア脂質アシルセラミドの合成経路と魚鱗癬病態の分子機構の解明2018

    • Author(s)
      木原章雄
    • Organizer
      第42回蛋白質と酵素の構造に関する九州シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Skin analysis using knockout mice of phytoceramide producing gene Degs2: discovery of novel ceramide species2018

    • Author(s)
      Miyamoto M, Kitamura T, Sawai M, Kihara A
    • Organizer
      59th International Conference on the Bioscience of Lipids
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Very long-chain lipids as barrier lipids at the body surface2018

    • Author(s)
      Sassa T, Kihara A
    • Organizer
      2nd Japan-Korea Lipid Joint Symposium
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] セラミド研究の新展開 ~基礎から応用へ~2019

    • Author(s)
      木原章雄
    • Total Pages
      12
    • Publisher
      セラミド研究会
    • ISBN
      9784916143358
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 北海道大学大学院薬学研究院生化学研究室

    • URL

      http://www.pharm.hokudai.ac.jp/seika/index.html

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report 2018 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 新学術領域研究 Lipoquality ホームページ

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/site/lipoqualityjpn/public-offering-study/1805

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report 2018 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2021-01-27  

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