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Understanding how the transcription machinery regulates chromatin dynamics

Publicly Offered Research

Project AreaChromatin potential for gene regulation
Project/Area Number 19H05273
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Biological Sciences
Research InstitutionNational Institute of Genetics

Principal Investigator

前島 一博  国立遺伝学研究所, 遺伝メカニズム研究系, 教授 (00392118)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Discontinued (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥8,580,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,980,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Keywordsクロマチン / 転写 / イメージング / クロマチン動態
Outline of Research at the Start

一般に、ゲノムDNAの遺伝情報が読み出される転写が起きる際、DNAを含む高次構造であるヌクレオソームは緩くなり、よりダイナミックに動くと考えられてきた。しかし、研究代表者らは転写を阻害するとDNAの動きが逆に活発化することを見出した。本研究では、RNAポリメラーゼIIや他の転写因子が塊(ハブ)を作ってDNAの動きを抑える可能性を検証する。さらに、ハブを作ることでゲノムDNAが連結されてネットワーク化し、DNAの動きを抑え、効率的に転写を行うモデルを検証する。

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

一般に、ゲノムDNAの遺伝情報が読み出される転写が起きる際、DNAを含む高次構造であるクロマチンは緩くなり、よりダイナミックに動くと考えられてきた。しかし、研究代表者らは転写を阻害するとクロマチンの動きが逆に活発化することを見出した。本研究では、RNAポリメラーゼII(RNAPII)や他の転写因子が塊(ハブ)を作ってクロマチンの動きを抑える可能性を検証した。
転写装置の要であるRNAPIIの除去が、クロマチン動態へ及ぼす影響を計測するため、まずRNAPIIを除去するタイプの転写阻害剤であるα-amanitinでヒトRPE1細胞を処理した。1分子ヌクレオソーム測定で計測すると、ヌクレオソームの動きは上昇した。さらに、遺伝研 鐘巻らの協力でAID法によるRNAPIIの迅速除去をおこなった。その結果でも、ヌクレオソームの動きが顕著に上昇した。一方、転写装置ハブの構成因子候補であるMediatorをAID法を用いて除去しても、ヌクレオソームの動きに変化はなかった。この結果、Mediatorはクロマチンの束縛には関与しないことが示された。さらに、核小体内でrRNAの転写をおこなうRNA ポリメラーゼIの阻害実験をおこない、RNA ポリメラーゼ IとrDNAクロマチンの動きを測定した結果、rRNA転写の際も、RNA Polymerase Iが塊を作り、rDNAクロマチンを束縛していることが明らかとなった

Research Progress Status

令和2年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

令和2年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Report

(2 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (23 results)

All 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (4 results) Journal Article (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 6 results,  Open Access: 6 results) Presentation (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Invited: 5 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Colorado State University(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Rice University(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Colorado State Univeristy(米国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Rice University(米国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Fluid-like chromatin: Toward understanding the real chromatin organization present in the cell2020

    • Author(s)
      Maeshima Kazuhiro、Tamura Sachiko、Hansen Jeffrey C.、Itoh Yuji
    • Journal Title

      Current Opinion in Cell Biology

      Volume: 64 Pages: 77-89

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.ceb.2020.02.016

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Heterogeneous fluid-like movements of chromatin and their implications to transcription2020

    • Author(s)
      Ashwin SS, Maeshima K, Sasai M
    • Journal Title

      Biophysical Reviews

      Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Pages: 461-468

    • DOI

      10.1007/s12551-020-00675-8

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Local Chromatin Motion and Transcription2020

    • Author(s)
      Babokhov Michael、Hibino Kayo、Itoh Yuji、Maeshima Kazuhiro
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Molecular Biology

      Volume: 432 Issue: 3 Pages: 694-700

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jmb.2019.10.018

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Transcriptional suppression of ribosomal DNA with phase separation.2020

    • Author(s)
      Ide, T., Ochi, H., Imai, R., Maeshima, K.
    • Journal Title

      Science Advances.

      Volume: 6 Issue: 42

    • DOI

      10.1126/sciadv.abb5953

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] ラミンとクロマチンの連携による核構造の維持メカニズム(Nuclear integrity maintenance by lamin and chromatin)2020

    • Author(s)
      島本勇太、前島一博
    • Journal Title

      医学のあゆみ

      Volume: 272(2) Pages: 157-161

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Organization of fast and slow chromatin revealed by single-nucleosome dynamics.2019

    • Author(s)
      Ashwin, S.S., Nozaki, T., Maeshima, K., Sasai, M.
    • Journal Title

      Proc Natl Acad Sci USA

      Volume: 116 Issue: 40 Pages: 19939-19944

    • DOI

      10.1073/pnas.1907342116

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Dynamic chromatin organization without the 30-nm fiber2019

    • Author(s)
      Maeshima Kazuhiro、Ide Satoru、Babokhov Michael
    • Journal Title

      Current Opinion in Cell Biology

      Volume: 58 Pages: 95-104

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.ceb.2019.02.003

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 遺伝子が転写されるときのヌクレオソームの”動き”を捉えた!2019

    • Author(s)
      佐藤か奈、日比野佳代、前島一博
    • Journal Title

      academist Journal

      Volume: -

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 蛍光マグネシウムイオンプローブの開発とそれを利用した新たな染色体凝縮メカニズムの解明2019

    • Author(s)
      前島一博、松田知己、永井健治
    • Journal Title

      マグネシウム(Journal of Japanese society for Magnesium Research)

      Volume: 37 Pages: 13-18

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 転写装置によるクロマチン動態制御の解明2021

    • Author(s)
      前島一博
    • Organizer
      新学術領域研究クロマチン潜在能Farewell Mini-symposium
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Local chromatin motion in living human cells revealed by single nucleosome imaging2020

    • Author(s)
      Kazuhiro Maeshima
    • Organizer
      The 79th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Cancer Association Symposium on “4D Nucleome in cancer” Hiroshima
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Toward understanding the real chromatin organization present in the cell2020

    • Author(s)
      Kazuhiro Maeshima
    • Organizer
      58th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 転写装置によるクロマチン動態制御2020

    • Author(s)
      前島一博
    • Organizer
      第93回日本生化学会大会シンポジュウム「クロマチンポテンシャルの階層縦断的研究」
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Chromosome Organization in Living Human Cells Revealed by Single Nucleosome Imaging.2020

    • Author(s)
      Kazuhiro Maeshima
    • Organizer
      2020 Telluride Workshop on Physical Genomics and Transcriptional Engineering
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Chromosome organization in living cells revealed by single nucleosome imaging.2019

    • Author(s)
      Kazuhiro Maeshima
    • Organizer
      42th Molecular Biology Society of Japan Annual Meeting
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Chromatin dynamics and transcription2019

    • Author(s)
      Kazuhiro Maeshima
    • Organizer
      57th Biophysical Society of Japan Annual Meeting
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Chromosome organization in living human cells revealed by single nucleosome imaging.2019

    • Author(s)
      Kazuhiro Maeshima
    • Organizer
      Joint 12th EBSA-10th ICBP-IUPAP Biophysics Congress
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Chromosome organization in living human cells revealed by single nucleosome imaging.2019

    • Author(s)
      Kazuhiro Maeshima
    • Organizer
      Francois Jacob Conference “Evolution, Structure and Function of Chromosomes High Order Structure”
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Book] 現代化学増刊46「相分離生物学の全貌」2020

    • Author(s)
      井手聖、前島一博
    • Total Pages
      7
    • Publisher
      東京化学同人
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2021-12-27  

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