精子細胞膜ドメインに起こる配偶子認識と融合に関する超微形態・分子レベルの解明

• Project Area: Elucidation of Common Mechanisms for Allogeneic Authentication in Animals and Plants
• Project/Area Number: 22112504
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Review Section: Biological Sciences
• Research Institution: Chiba University
• Principal Investigator: 年森 清隆 千葉大学, 大学院・医学研究院, 教授 (20094097)
• Project Period (FY): 2010 – 2011
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2011)
• Budget Amount: ¥18,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,260,000); Fiscal Year 2011: ¥9,100,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,100,000); Fiscal Year 2010: ¥9,360,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,160,000)
• Keywords: 精子 / 先体 / 精子形成 / 受精 / 胚発生 / 糖鎖 / 遺伝子改変マウス / エクアトリン / 先体反応 / 先体膜 / 配偶子認識 / Equatorin / Izumo / CD9 / ライブセルイメージング

Research Abstract

【1】Wildマウスを用いた精子形成過程や体内体外受精中の先体反応前後から囲卵腔に移動し膜融合する過程において、Equatorinとその周囲の先体基質分子や核周囲物質との関係に関する基礎データを得て一部を公表した(JEM,2011)。解析はMN9免疫電顕、Freeze fracture法、特異蛍光抗体法、EQT-GFP-TGマウスを用いた高解像蛍光顕微鏡や超顕微鏡STED-CW/共焦点走査型顕微鏡で行った。同時にMN9抗体、SAMP32抗体、IZUMO抗体を用いたflow cytometryにより分取した試料との比較解析を行った。重要な点は、Equatorinと先体基質分子およびEquatorinと核周囲物質との関係に異なる様式があることが推測される点である。実際、超微細構造上に違いが見られた。今後のMS解析結果が期待される。EQT-KOマウス精子のphenotypeは現在解析中であるが、現段階では先体形成過程においてwildとの違いを得ている。受精実験過程での違いは現在解析中である。【2】EQT-GFP-TG精子を用いて、先体反応から膜融合に伴って変化する裏打ちタンパク質MN13とPLCzの関係を比較解析した結果、EQTはMN13やPLCzよりも安定して残ること、先体反応後は内先体膜に残り、卵子に取り込まれた後は先体周囲から次第に離れ、雌雄前核が形成される頃に次第に分解されていくことが判明した。これは基礎データとなる。【3】EQT-affinity共沈法/LC-MS/MS解析法を用いて、Equatorin結合タンパク質を解析したところ、細胞骨格タンパク質を含めて多数の候補があったため、可溶化法を改良してさらに絞り込む確認作業を行っている。当該年度の研究中に、138Thr上にあるMN9epitope第1糖鎖にGalnt3が関係することが判明した(論文投稿中)。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Dynamics of the mammalian sperm membrane modification leading to fertilization : a cyto-logical study (2011)
  • Author(s): Toshimori K
  • Journal Title: J Electron Microsc Volume: 60 Suppl 1(Review) Issue: suppl 1 Pages: S31-S42
  • DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfr036
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Usefulness of statistics for establishing evidence-based reproductive medicine (2011)
  • Author(s): Sato Y, Gosho M, Toshimori K
  • Journal Title: Reprod Med Biol Volume: (In press)(Review) Issue: 1 Pages: 49-58
  • DOI: 10.1007/s12522-011-0106-5
  • NAID: 10030444983
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Lipid rafts enriched in monosialylGb5Cer carrying the stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 epitope are involved in development of mouse preimplantation embryos at cleavage stage (2011)
  • Author(s): Sato B, Katagiri YU, Miyado K, Okino N, Ito M, Akutsu H, Okita H, Umezawa A, Fujimoto J, Toshimori K, Kiyokawa N
  • Journal Title: BMC Dev Biol Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Pages: 22-22
  • DOI: 10.1186/1471-213x-11-22
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Characterization and subcellular localization of Tektin 3 in rat spermatozoa (2011)
  • Author(s): Takiguchi, et al
  • Journal Title: Molecular Reproduction and Development Volume: 78 Issue: 8 Pages: 611-620
  • DOI: 10.1002/mrd.21352
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] One-step collagenase method for zona pellucida removal in unfertilized egg : easy and gentle method for large-scale preparation (2011)
  • Author(s): Yamatoya K, et al
  • Journal Title: Reprod Med Biol Volume: 10 Issue: 2 Pages: 97-103
  • DOI: 10.1007/s12522-011-0075-8
  • NAID: 10029043321
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Birth of a healthy infant after intracytoplasmic sperm injection using pentoxifylline-activated sperm from a patient with Kartagener's syndrome (2011)
  • Author(s): Hattori H., et al
  • Journal Title: Fertili Steril Volume: 95 Issue: 3 Pages: 326-331
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.02.019
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Localization of RA175 (Cadm1), a cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin super-family, in the mouse testis and analysis of male infertility in the RA175-deficient mouse (2011)
  • Author(s): Maekawa M., et al
  • Journal Title: Andrologia Volume: 43 Issue: 3 Pages: 180-188
  • DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2010.01049.x
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] One-step collagenase method for zona pellucida removal in unfertilized egg : easy and gentle method for large-scale preparation. (2011)
  • Author(s): Yamatoya K, et al.
  • Journal Title: Reprod Med Biol. Volume: (In press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] GalNAcβ 1,3-linked paragloboside carries the epitope of a sperm maturation-related glycoprotein that is recognized by the monoclonal antibody MC121. (2011)
  • Author(s): Katagiri YU, et al.
  • Journal Title: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. Volume: (In press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Localization of RA175 (Cadm1), a cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily, in the mouse testis and analysis of male infertility in the RA175-deficient mouse. (2011)
  • Author(s): Maekawa M, et al.
  • Journal Title: Andrologia. Volume: (In press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Appearance of oocyte-activation related substance during spermatogenesis in mouse and human. (2010)
  • Author(s): Ito C, et al.
  • Journal Title: Hum Reprod. Volume: 25(11) Pages: 2734-2744
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Adhesion between the plasma membrane and the mitochondria in relation to migration of the cytoplasmic droplet during epididymal maturation in guinea pig spermatozoa. (2010)
  • Author(s): Suzuki-Toyota F, et al.
  • Journal Title: Cell Tissue Res. Volume: 341(3) Pages: 429-440
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Tetraspanin family protein CD9 in the mouse sperm : unique localization, appearance, behavior and fate during fertilization. (2010)
  • Author(s): Ito C, et al.
  • Journal Title: Cell Tissue Res. Volume: 340(3) Pages: 583-594
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A model of the acrosome reaction progression via the acrosomal membrane-anchored protein equatorin. (2010)
  • Author(s): Yoshida K, et al.
  • Journal Title: Reproduction. Volume: 139(3) Pages: 533-544
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) is associated with the acrosome region of rodent epididymal spermatozoa. (2010)
  • Author(s): Yano R, et al.
  • Journal Title: J Androl. Volume: 31(2) Pages: 201-214
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 良質精子の条件:精子頭部扁平化およびperinuclear theca構成物質MN13と関連する卵活性化能 (2010)
  • Author(s): 伊藤千鶴, 他
  • Journal Title: 産婦人科の実際 Volume: 59(12) Pages: 2069-2075
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Acrosomal biogenesis by tracking acrosomal membrane protein Equatorin in mice (2012)
  • Author(s): Ito C
  • Organizer: 第117回日本解剖学会総会・全国学術集会
  • Place of Presentation: 山梨大学、ベルクラシック甲府(山梨県)(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2012-03-28
• [Presentation] Separatration of early stage acrosome reacted sperm and analyses of the proteins (2012)
  • Author(s): Yamatoya K
  • Organizer: 第117回日本解剖学会総会・全国学術集会
  • Place of Presentation: 山梨大学(山梨県)
  • Year and Date: 2012-03-28
• [Presentation] マウス精巣および精子におけるモノカルボン酸トランスポーターの局在 (2012)
  • Author(s): 前川眞見子
  • Organizer: 第117回日本解剖学会総会・全国学術集会
  • Place of Presentation: 山梨大学、ベルクラシック甲府(山梨県)
  • Year and Date: 2012-03-28
• [Presentation] Fertilization analyzed by live imaging in the mouse (2012)
  • Author(s): Toshimori K
  • Organizer: 第117回日本解剖学会総会・全国学術集会
  • Place of Presentation: 山梨大学、ベルクラシック甲府(山梨県)
  • Year and Date: 2012-03-26
• [Presentation] 精子膜タンパク質Equatorin/EQTからみた配偶子認識機構子 (2012)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆
  • Organizer: 新学術領域研究動植物に共通するアロ認証機構の解明第4回領域会議
  • Place of Presentation: 筑波大学(茨城県)(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2012-01-11
• [Presentation] GalNAcbeta 1,3-linked paragloboside carries the epitope of a sperm maturation-related glycoprotein that is recognized by the monoclonal antibody MC121 (2012)
  • Author(s): 片桐洋子
  • Organizer: 新学術領域研究動植物に共通するアロ認証機構の解明第4回領域会議
  • Place of Presentation: 筑波大学(茨城県)
  • Year and Date: 2012-01-11
• [Presentation] Tysndl deficiency interferes with mouse peroxisomal functions (2011)
  • Author(s): Mizuno Y
  • Organizer: 第34回日本分子生物学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: パシフィコ横浜(神奈川県)
  • Year and Date: 2011-12-15
• [Presentation] 男性不妊を見直す-特に造精機能の観点から (2011)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆
  • Organizer: 第56回日本生殖医学会学術講演会・総会
  • Place of Presentation: パシフィコ横浜(神奈川県)(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2011-12-09
• [Presentation] Sperm Preparation精子のDNA fragmentation (2011)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆
  • Organizer: 第14回日本IVF学会
  • Place of Presentation: 品川プリンスホテル(東京都)(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2011-10-22
• [Presentation] 精子核周囲物質MN13と卵活性化能 (2011)
  • Author(s): 伊藤千鶴
  • Organizer: 日本アンドロロジー学会第30回学術大会第17回精子形成・精巣毒性研究会
  • Place of Presentation: 都市センターホテル(東京都)(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2011-07-22
• [Presentation] 先体反応開始まで先体を安定化させる膜タンパク質の解析 (2011)
  • Author(s): 大和屋健二
  • Organizer: 日本アンドロロジー学会第30回学術大会第17回精子形成・精巣毒性研究会
  • Place of Presentation: 都市センターホテル(東京都)
  • Year and Date: 2011-07-22
• [Presentation] 先体反応開始に関わる膜タンパク質の解析 (2011)
  • Author(s): 大和屋健二
  • Organizer: 新学術領域研究動植物に共通するアロ認証機構の解明第3回領域会議
  • Place of Presentation: 関西セミナーハウス(京都府)
  • Year and Date: 2011-06-30
• [Presentation] Role of the acrosome and perinuclear theca substances for sperm head formation (2011)
  • Author(s): Toshimori K
  • Organizer: The 67th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Microscopy
  • Place of Presentation: 福岡国際会議場(福岡県)(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2011-05-16
• [Presentation] 精子の構造と機能 (2011)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆
  • Organizer: 第1回生殖医療研究会
  • Place of Presentation: 東京医科大学病院臨床講堂(東京都)
  • Year and Date: 2011-02-06
• [Presentation] トランスジェニックマウスを用いた先体膜タンパク質equatorinの局在解析 (2011)
  • Author(s): 伊藤千鶴
  • Organizer: 新学術領域研究 第2回領域会議
  • Place of Presentation: 下呂温泉 山形屋(岐阜県)
  • Year and Date: 2011-01-12
• [Presentation] マウスにおけるワンステップ透明帯裸化卵子調整法 新学術領域研究 (2011)
  • Author(s): 大和屋健二
  • Organizer: 新学術領域研究 第2回領域会議
  • Place of Presentation: 下呂温泉 山形屋(岐阜県)
  • Year and Date: 2011-01-12
• [Presentation] SSEA-4豊富ラフトのマウス着床前胚の胚発生への関与 (2011)
  • Author(s): 佐藤伴
  • Organizer: 新学術領域研究 第2回領域会議
  • Place of Presentation: 下呂温泉 山形屋(岐阜県)
  • Year and Date: 2011-01-12
• [Presentation] Analysis of fertilization-related protein Equatorin with transgenic mice (2011)
  • Author(s): Ito C
  • Organizer: The 67th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Microscopy
  • Place of Presentation: 福岡国際会議場(福岡県)
• [Presentation] Feasibility of human male germ cell induction from somatic stem cells. (2011)
  • Author(s): Toshimori K
  • Organizer: 第88回日本生理学会大会 第116回日本解剖学会総会・全国学術集会 合同大会
  • Place of Presentation: (Symposium Journal of Physiological Sciences誌による誌上開催)
• [Presentation] Sperm acrosome superstructure analyzed by superresolution conforcal laser scanning microscope. (2011)
  • Author(s): Toshimori K
  • Organizer: 第88回日本生理学会大会 第116回日本解剖学会総会・全国学術集会 合同大会
  • Place of Presentation: (Journal of Physiological Sciences誌による誌上開催)
• [Presentation] Integration mechanism of a fertilization-related protein equatorin into the acrosomal membrane using transgenic mice. (2011)
  • Author(s): Ito C
  • Organizer: 第88回日本生理学会大会 第116回日本解剖学会総会・全国学術集会 合同大会
  • Place of Presentation: (Journal of Physiological Sciences誌による誌上開催)
• [Presentation] Analyses of acrosomal proteins during acrosome reaction progression. (2011)
  • Author(s): Yamatoya K
  • Organizer: 第88回日本生理学会大会 第116回日本解剖学会総会・全国学術集会 合同大会
  • Place of Presentation: (Journal of Physiological Sciences誌による誌上開催)
• [Presentation] It's a time to go back to "junctional specializations" in the testis. (2011)
  • Author(s): Toyama Y
  • Organizer: 第88回日本生理学会大会 第116回日本解剖学会総会・全国学術集会 合同大会
  • Place of Presentation: (Journal of Physiological Sciences誌による誌上開催)
• [Presentation] Expression of monocarboxylate transporters in the mouse testis and sperm, and their association with basigin. (2011)
  • Author(s): Maekawa M
  • Organizer: 第88回日本生理学会大会 第116回日本解剖学会総会・全国学術集会 合同大会
  • Place of Presentation: (Journal of Physiological Sciences誌による誌上開催)
• [Presentation] MSGb5Cer-enriched lipid raft interacting with E-cadherin is involved in cytokinesis in mouse preimplantation embryos. (2010)
  • Author(s): 佐藤伴
  • Organizer: 第33回日本分子生物学会年会 第83回日本生化学学会大会合同大会
  • Place of Presentation: ポートピアホテル(兵庫県)
  • Year and Date: 2010-12-09
• [Presentation] The epitope of monoclonal antibody MC121 recognizing mouse sperm maturation glycoprotein resides in a neolacro-series glycospingolipid, GalNAcβ1-3-linked paragloboside. (2010)
  • Author(s): 片桐洋子
  • Organizer: 第33回日本分子生物学会年会 第83回日本生化学学会大会合同大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神戸国際展示場(兵庫県)
  • Year and Date: 2010-12-09
• [Presentation] 男性不妊と体外受精:その明と暗 (2010)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆
  • Organizer: 第24回東京生殖医療懇談会
  • Place of Presentation: ANAインターコンチネンタルホテル東京(東京都)
  • Year and Date: 2010-12-02
• [Presentation] 精子の質の検査 (2010)
  • Author(s): 伊藤千鶴
  • Organizer: 第55回日本生殖医学会総会 学術講演会
  • Place of Presentation: ホテルクレスト徳島(徳島県)(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 2010-11-12
• [Presentation] マウスにおける大量透明帯裸化卵子のワンステップ調整法 (2010)
  • Author(s): 大和屋健二
  • Organizer: 第55回日本生殖医学会総会 学術講演会
  • Place of Presentation: あわぎんホール(徳島県)
  • Year and Date: 2010-11-12
• [Presentation] Sperm CD9 ; tetraspanin familiy protein CD9 expression in the testis and its fate during fertilization. (2010)
  • Author(s): Toshimori K
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Morphological Sciences.
  • Place of Presentation: Taormina(Italy)(Symposium)
  • Year and Date: 2010-09-20
• [Presentation] Fertilization-related protein equatorin ; unique integration into the acrosomal membrane during spermatogenesis and its failure in GOPC deficient mice. (2010)
  • Author(s): Ito C
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Morphological Sciences.
  • Place of Presentation: Taormina(Italy)(Symposium)
  • Year and Date: 2010-09-20
• [Presentation] 哺乳動物の配偶子接着・融合における分子誘導における分子認証システム (2010)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆
  • Organizer: 新学術領域研究 第1回領域会議
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋大学 野依記念学術交流館(愛知県)
  • Year and Date: 2010-07-15
• [Presentation] 卵活性化能は精子頭部の扁平化とperinuclear theca構成物質の存在に関連する (2010)
  • Author(s): 伊藤千鶴
  • Organizer: 新学術領域研究 第1回領域会議
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋大学 野依記念学術交流館(愛知県)
  • Year and Date: 2010-07-15
• [Presentation] Further characterization of acrosomal protein Equatrin:エクアトリンのシアル酸修飾 (2010)
  • Author(s): 大和屋健二
  • Organizer: 新学術領域研究 第1回領域会議
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋大学 野依記念学術交流館(愛知県)
  • Year and Date: 2010-07-14
• [Presentation] Evalution of the acrosome reaction progression via the acrosomal membrane anchored protein equatorin. (2010)
  • Author(s): 吉田恵一
  • Organizer: 新学術領域研究 第1回領域会議
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋大学 野依記念学術交流館(愛知県)
  • Year and Date: 2010-07-14
• [Presentation] Arrest of spermatogenesis at round spermatids in PLCZ1-deficient mice. (2010)
  • Author(s): Ito M
  • Organizer: 11th International Symposium on Spermatology Okinawa 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Okinawa convention center (Okinawa)(Symposium)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-28
• [Presentation] 精子の形態評価とIMSI (2010)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆
  • Organizer: 11th International Symposium on Spermatology Okinawa 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Okinawa convention center (Okinawa)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-27
• [Presentation] Evaluation of the acrosome reaction progression via the acrosomal membrane anchored protein equatorin. (2010)
  • Author(s): Yoshida K
  • Organizer: 11th International Symposium on Spermatology Okinawa 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Okinawa convention center (Okinawa)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-27
• [Presentation] Membrane lipid raft enriched in SSEA-4 is involved in unfertilized eggs and preimplantation embryos. (2010)
  • Author(s): Sato B
  • Organizer: 11th International Symposium on Spermatology Okinawa 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Okinawa convention center (Okinawa)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-27
• [Presentation] Successful ICSI pregnancy with use of testicular sperm from a patient with necrospermia and teratozoospermia : a case report. (2010)
  • Author(s): Matsushita T
  • Organizer: 11th International Symposium on Spermatology Okinawa 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Okinawa convention center (Okinawa)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-27
• [Presentation] Immuno-dominant sperm antigens detected by infertile men sperm-immobilizing antibodies. (2010)
  • Author(s): Shiraishi Y
  • Organizer: 11th International Symposium on Spermatology Okinawa 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Okinawa convention center (Okinawa)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-27
• [Presentation] Oocyte-activation ability correlates with presence of perinuclear theca substance MN13, whose organization is associated with acrosome formation. (2010)
  • Author(s): Ito C
  • Organizer: 11th International Symposium on Spermatology Okinawa 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Okinawa convention center (Okinawa)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-25
• [Presentation] Further characterization of acrosomal protein Equatorin. (2010)
  • Author(s): Yamatoya K
  • Organizer: 11th International Symposium on Spermatology Okinawa 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Okinawa convention center (Okinawa)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-25
• [Presentation] Adhesion between the plasma and outer mitochondorial membranes in relation to the migration of the cytoplasmic droplet in epididymal spermatozoa. (2010)
  • Author(s): Suzuki-Toyota F
  • Organizer: 11th International Symposium on Spermatology Okinawa 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Okinawa convention center (Okinawa)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-25
• [Presentation] Analysis of the basigin in the mouse sperm using three antibodies against different epitopes of the basigin molecule. (2010)
  • Author(s): Maekawa M
  • Organizer: 11th International Symposium on Spermatology Okinawa 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Okinawa convention center (Okinawa)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-25
• [Presentation] Strange organelles observed in primary spermatocytes after micro-injection of protein solutions into the seminiferous tubules. (2010)
  • Author(s): Toyama Y
  • Organizer: 11th International Symposium on Spermatology Okinawa 2010
  • Place of Presentation: Okinawa convention center (Okinawa)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-25
• [Presentation] 生殖細胞機能の可視化:精細胞分化から受精/初期胚発生まで (2010)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆
  • Organizer: 第6回 IIRS(総合画像研究支援)セミナー
  • Place of Presentation: 日本女子大学百年館(東京都)
  • Year and Date: 2010-06-05
• [Book] カラーイラストで学ぶ集中講義解剖学 (2012)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆、伊藤千鶴
  • Total Pages: 448
  • Publisher: メジカルビュー社
• [Book] 第2版人体の正常構造と機能.VI.生殖器 (2012)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆、川内博人
  • Total Pages: 88
  • Publisher: 日本医事新報社
• [Book] 第2版人体の正常構造と機能 (2012)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆、川内博人
  • Total Pages: 904
  • Publisher: 日本医事新報社(縮刷版)
• [Book] 卵子学 (2011)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆、伊藤千鶴
  • Total Pages: 1210
  • Publisher: 京都大学学術出版
• [Book] 生命の誕生に向けて(第二版)生殖補助医療(ART)胚培養の理論と実際 (2011)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆、伊藤千鶴
  • Publisher: 近代出版
• [Book] Ross組織学(Histlogy. A text and atlas, with correlated cell and molecular biology. fifth edition.) (2010)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆、伊藤千鶴
  • Publisher: 南江堂
• [Book] 目で見る解剖と生理 第2版 Vol.13(DVD video) (2010)
  • Author(s): 年森清隆
  • Publisher: 医学映像教育センター
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.m.chiba-u.ac.jp/class/devbiol/
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.m.chiba-u.ac.jp/class/devbiol/