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構成論的アプローチによる収縮環の収縮機構の解明

Publicly Offered Research

Project AreaSpying minority in biological phenomena -Toward bridging dynamics between individual and ensemble processes-
Project/Area Number 26115715
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Biological Sciences
Research InstitutionWaseda University

Principal Investigator

宮崎 牧人  早稲田大学, 理工学術院, 助教 (40609236)

Project Period (FY) 2014-04-01 – 2016-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2015)
Budget Amount *help
¥12,090,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,790,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥6,240,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,440,000)
Fiscal Year 2014: ¥5,850,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,350,000)
Keywords生物物理 / 自己組織化 / 細胞分裂 / 分子モーター / アクトミオシン / 収縮環 / 再構成 / 細胞骨格
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

動物細胞の多くは分裂期になると形が丸くなり、赤道面に収縮環が形成される。収縮環は主にアクチン繊維とミオシン分子モーターから構成されており、アクトミオシンの収縮力で細胞膜をくびれさせることで細胞は分裂する。収縮環形成・収縮のメカニズム解明は細胞生物学における重要なテーマのひとつであり、これまでの研究から、赤道面近傍のみでアクチンの重合能とミオシンの収縮能が活性化されることでリングが形成・収縮する、という局所活性化説が広く受け入れられている。一方で、我々は細胞から単離したアクトミオシンを細胞サイズの球状閉鎖空間(油中液滴)に閉じ込めた人工細胞系をH26年度に構築し、アクチン重合活性の局所活性化シグナルが無くても収縮環様のリングが自発的に形成される条件を発見した。この人工細胞系を用いて、H27年度は自発的に形成したアクトミオシンリングがどのような条件で収縮するかを中心に調べた。その結果、双頭ミオシンの場合はATPの枯渇効果によりアクチン繊維に結合しているミオシンの密度が上昇すると、リングが自発的に収縮し始めることがわかり、収縮速度が収縮直前のリングの周長に比例するという収縮環の基本的性質を再現した。さらにATPが枯渇しない生理的条件で全長ミオシンを用いて同様の実験を行い、ミオシンがフィラメントを形成することがきっかけとなりリングの収縮が生じることも明らかにした。

Research Progress Status

27年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

27年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Report

(2 results)
  • 2015 Annual Research Report
  • 2014 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (13 results)

All 2016 2015 2014

All Journal Article (3 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 1 results,  Acknowledgement Compliant: 1 results) Presentation (10 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Invited: 8 results)

  • [Journal Article] Preparation of cell-sized water-in-oil droplets for in vitro reconstitution of biological processes in cellular compartments2015

    • Author(s)
      Makito Miyazaki, Masataka Chiba, and Shin’ichi Ishiwata
    • Journal Title

      Protocol Exchange

      Volume: -

    • DOI

      10.1038/protex.2015.029

    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
  • [Journal Article] Cell-sized spherical confinement induces the spontaneous formation of contractile actomyosin rings in vitro2015

    • Author(s)
      Miyazaki, M., Chiba, M., Eguchi, H., Ohki, T., and Ishiwata, S.
    • Journal Title

      Nat. Cell Biol.

      Volume: 17 Issue: 4 Pages: 480-489

    • DOI

      10.1038/ncb3142

    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Quantitative analysis of the lamellarity of giant liposomes prepared by the inverted emulsion method2014

    • Author(s)
      Chiba, M., Miyazaki, M., and Ishiwata, S.
    • Journal Title

      Biophys. J.

      Volume: 107 Issue: 2 Pages: 346-354

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.bpj.2014.05.039

    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Dynamic properties of bio-motile systems as a liquid-crystalline structure2016

    • Author(s)
      Shin’ichi Ishiwata, Makito Miyazaki, Katsuhiko Sato, Koutaro Nakagome, Kazuya Suzuki, Jun Takagi, Yuta Shimamoto, and Takeshi Itabashi
    • Organizer
      26th International Liquid Crystal Conference (ILCC 2016)
    • Place of Presentation
      Kent State University, OH, USA
    • Year and Date
      2016-07-31
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Self-organization of active cytoskeletal networks in a cell-sized confined space2016

    • Author(s)
      Shin’ichi Ishiwata, Makito Miyazaki, Masataka Chiba, and Kazuya Suzuki
    • Organizer
      Biophysical Society 2016 Thematic Meetings “Engineering Approaches to Biomolecular Motors: From in vitro to in vivo”
    • Place of Presentation
      Vancouver, Canada
    • Year and Date
      2016-06-14
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] In vitro reconstitution of active cytoskeletal networks in cell-sized droplets2016

    • Author(s)
      Makito Miyazaki, Kazuya Suzuki, and Shin’ichi Ishiwata
    • Organizer
      EMN Meeting on Droplets 2016
    • Place of Presentation
      San Sebastian, Spain
    • Year and Date
      2016-05-09
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Self-organization of contractile actomyosin rings inside a cell-sized confined space in vitro2016

    • Author(s)
      Makito Miyazaki and Shin’ichi Ishiwata
    • Organizer
      The 93rd Annual Meeting of the Physiological Society of Japan
    • Place of Presentation
      札幌
    • Year and Date
      2016-03-22
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Cell-sized spherical confinement induces the spontaneous formation of contractile actomyosin rings in vitro2015

    • Author(s)
      Makito Miyazaki
    • Organizer
      The 53rd Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan
    • Place of Presentation
      金沢
    • Year and Date
      2015-09-13
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Reconstitution of actin cytoskeleton in a cell-sized confined space2015

    • Author(s)
      Makito Miyazaki, Masataka Chiba, Hiroki Eguchi, Takashi Ohki, and Shin’ichi Ishiwata
    • Organizer
      The 53rd Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan
    • Place of Presentation
      金沢
    • Year and Date
      2015-09-13
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Cell-sized spherical confinement induces the spontaneous formation of contractile actomyosin rings in vitro2015

    • Author(s)
      Makito Miyazaki
    • Organizer
      Gordon Research Conference “Motile & Contractile Systems”
    • Place of Presentation
      Colby-Sawyer College, New London, NH, USA
    • Year and Date
      2015-07-19
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 細胞サイズ閉鎖空間内でのアクトミオシンリングの自発形成と収縮2015

    • Author(s)
      宮崎牧人
    • Organizer
      第5回分子モーター討論会
    • Place of Presentation
      東京
    • Year and Date
      2015-06-13
    • Related Report
      2015 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 構成論的アプローチによるアクチン細胞骨格の形成機構の解明2015

    • Author(s)
      宮崎牧人
    • Organizer
      理研セミナー
    • Place of Presentation
      東京大学、東京
    • Year and Date
      2015-03-24
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] In vitro self-assembly and contraction of actomyosin rings inside a cell-sized droplet2014

    • Author(s)
      Makito Miyazaki, Masataka Chiba, Hiroki Eguchi, Takashi Ohki, and Shin’ichi Ishiwata
    • Organizer
      52nd Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan
    • Place of Presentation
      Sapporo, Japan
    • Year and Date
      2014-09-25 – 2014-09-27
    • Related Report
      2014 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2014-04-04   Modified: 2018-03-28  

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