2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Establishment of novel concept for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics based on the systematic comprehension of cellular context in cancer

Planned Research

PDF

Project Area	Conquering cancer through neo-dimensional systems understanding
Project/Area Number	15H05908
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Review Section	Complex systems
Research Institution	Tokyo Medical and Dental University
Principal Investigator	Inazawa Johji 東京医科歯科大学, 難治疾患研究所, 教授 (30193551)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	井上純東京医科歯科大学, 難治疾患研究所, 准教授 (50568326) 谷本幸介東京医科歯科大学, 難治疾患研究所, 助教 (60611613) 玄泰行東京医科歯科大学, 難治疾患研究所, 助教 (80596156) 村松智輝東京医科歯科大学, 難治疾患研究所, 助教 (90732553)
Project Period (FY)	2015-06-29 – 2020-03-31
Keywords	細胞文脈 / 上皮間葉転換（EMT) / マイクロRNA / オミクス解析 / 核酸医薬 / DDS / 分子標的治療 / バイオマーカー
Outline of Final Research Achievements	By multi-omics analysis, we have achieved a systemic understanding of the cellular context of different cancers individually. Then, from a new perspective of layering of the cellular context, we established the best method for the diagnosis and the treatment of cancer, particularly in the elderly. As a result, we identified many tumor-suppressor microRNA, including miR-634 and miR-1293 involved in autophagy, redox, anti-apoptosis, DNA-repair and cancer cell metabolism, and built a molecular basis for the development of nucleic acid anticancer drugs. In addition, we identified candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis for personalized cancer medicine and candidate molecules for therapeutic targets in in precision cancer medicine (PCM). These results not only provide important information on the essential understanding of elderly cancer and the drug discovery, but also contribute to the treatment strategy considering QOL.
Free Research Field	腫瘍学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	がん細胞文脈のシステム的統合理解による新たながん診断・治療概念の確立を目指した。その結果、「老化の特徴」と一致あるいはその構成要素でもあるオートファジー、レドックス、抗アポトーシス、がん細胞代謝等に関与する遺伝子を標的とするmiR-634をはじめ多くの癌抑制性マイクロRNAを同定し、核酸抗がん薬開発の分子基盤を構築するとともに、癌個別化診断バイオマーカーや治療標的分子候補を見出した。それら成果は、高齢者がんの本態解明と創薬基盤に重要な情報を提供するだけでなくQOLを考慮した治療戦略に寄与するものであり健全なサステナブル（sustainable）社会を鑑みた場合にも意義を有する。