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2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Changes in the Cardiovascular Regulatory Mechanism due to Gravitational Variations and Confinement

Planned Research

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Project Area"LIVING IN SPACE" - Integral Understanding of life-regulation mechanism from "SPACE"
Project/Area Number 15H05939
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Complex systems
Research InstitutionNihon University

Principal Investigator

IWASAKI Kenichi  日本大学, 医学部, 教授 (80287630)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 柳田 亮  日本大学, 医学部, 兼任講師 (00644741)
大平 宇志  国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構, 有人宇宙技術部門, 研究開発員 (40633532)
小川 洋二郎  日本大学, 医学部, 准教授 (60434073)
田子 智晴  日本大学, 医学部, 助手 (70780229)
上田 要  日本大学, 医学部, 助手 (00598964)
青木 健  日本大学, 医学部, 助教 (60332938)
篠島 亜里  日本大学, 医学部, 助教 (60647189)
Project Period (FY) 2015-06-29 – 2020-03-31
Keywords宇宙医学 / 宇宙飛行 / 循環調節 / 脳血流 / 微小重力 / 過重力 / 頭蓋内圧 / 血圧
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Human cardiovascular system has been known to be altered by several factors, such as microgravity, stress response to confinement during space flight, and hypergravity with a launch and a return to the Earth. We have investigated the effects of these factors on cardiovascular system, while mainly paying attention to brain circulation. As results of ground-based simulated experiments, we have found that an exposure to hypergravity, psychological stress due to confinement, or a combination of hypercapnia and head-ward fluid shift has a potential to affect brain circulation and intracranial pressure.
In addition, an experiment measuring cerebral blood flow on International Space Station (ISS) astronauts has revealed that cerebral blood flow velocity increased after the several months spaceflight in spite of unchanged arterial blood pressure, associated with decreases in hemoglobin concentration. Furthermore, we have found that estimated intracranial pressure changed after the spaceflight.

Free Research Field

宇宙医学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

宇宙飛行により種々の人体臓器が変化すると分かっており、近年特に頭の臓器(脳や眼球)が形態を含め変化することが報告され注目されている。その変化の因子や病態を明らかにすることは宇宙医学分野などで科学的に重要なだけでなく、今後の月・火星探査等に際し、その知見を基に予防手段を講じ宇宙飛行士の健康を維持しミッションを成功させるためにも重要である。つまり今回判明した脳循環に影響を与える環境因子を制御することが、今後の宇宙開発に役立つと考えられる。また、閉鎖環境が循環系に与える影響に関しては、地上における災害時の孤立や避難、新型コロナウイルス感染症禍での長期隔離の際の健康維持などにその成果が応用できる。

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Published: 2021-02-19  

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