2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Microorganisms in a Confined Environment

Planned Research

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Project Area	"LIVING IN SPACE" - Integral Understanding of life-regulation mechanism from "SPACE"
Project/Area Number	15H05946
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Review Section	Complex systems
Research Institution	Osaka Ohtani University (2016-2019) Osaka University (2015)
Principal Investigator	Nasu Masao 大阪大谷大学, 薬学研究科, 教授 (90218040)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	杉田隆明治薬科大学, 薬学部, 教授 (10312076) 一條知昭大阪樟蔭女子大学, 健康栄養学部, 准教授 (20513899) 谷佳津治大阪大谷大学, 薬学部, 教授 (50217113) 堀克敏名古屋大学, 工学研究科, 教授 (50302956) 槇村浩一帝京大学, 公私立大学の部局等, 教授 (00266347) 山崎丘帝京大学, 公私立大学の部局等, 講師 (70301174) 中谷肇名古屋大学, 工学研究科, 講師 (80456615) 内井喜美子大阪大谷大学, 薬学部, 助教 (90469619) 藤山英保鳥取大学, 農学部, 特任教授 (90108796) 山口進康地方独立行政法人大阪健康安全基盤研究所, 衛生化学部, 主任研究員 (20252702) 嶋津徹国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構, 有人宇宙技術部門, 主幹研究開発員 (20639158)
Project Period (FY)	2015-06-29 – 2020-03-31
Keywords	閉鎖環境 / 微生物動態 / 微小重力 / 遺伝子伝播 / バイオフィルム
Outline of Final Research Achievements	In a confined environment, environmental oligotrophic bacteria remain active on the wall surface, while human-derived bacteria showed high physiological activity in the air. Due to stress found in a confined environment, microbial substitutions among Malassezia species, the predominant skin microbiome, were observed. This suggests that Malassezia could be a stress marker. We demonstrated that the initial process of the biofilm formation under the microgravity is different from that under the normal gravity; the cell aggregate is formed before initial attachment on the material surface. It was also suggested that the frequency of gene transfer by conjugation was increased under simulated microgravity.
Free Research Field	環境微生物学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	得られた成果は、宇宙居住空間ならびに地上の高度管理空間における新たな微生物管理基準値の設定に活用でき、ヒトの安全を衛生微生物学的に保障し、また環境中の微生物制御への直接的な貢献が期待される。