Comprehensive investigation and functional analysis of endogenous viruses and endogenous viral elements in hematophagous arthropods and their host animals

2020 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project Area: Neo-virology: the raison d'etre of viruses
• Project/Area Number: 16H06431
• Research Institution: Hokkaido University
• Principal Investigator: 澤 洋文 北海道大学, 人獣共通感染症リサーチセンター, 教授 (30292006)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 松野 啓太 北海道大学, 人獣共通感染症リサーチセンター, 講師 (40753306) ; 中尾 亮 北海道大学, 獣医学研究院, 准教授 (50633955) ; 大場 靖子 北海道大学, 人獣共通感染症リサーチセンター, 准教授 (60507169)
• Project Period (FY): 2016-06-30 – 2021-03-31
• Keywords: 吸血性節足動物 / 内在性ウイルス / 微生物

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

吸血性節足動物の内在性ウイルス （エレメント）が宿主に及ぼす影響、及び節足動物内の微生物叢における役割を解明することを目的とし、2020年度は下記の研究成果を得た。
１）フレボウイルスの同定：国際活動支援班の支援により、オーストラリアからマダニを輸入し、マダニ中のウイルスを解析し、新規フレボウイルス1種を検出した。２）内在性フラビウイルスエレメント（EFVE）の機能・動態解析：既に同定しているEFVEの野外生息蚊での調査・解析する予定であったが、COVID-19の感染拡大により、野外生息蚊の採集が困難となり、ベトナムで採集され保管されていた蚊を用いて各個体のEFVE RNA発現量を解析した。３）微生物叢の解析と節足動物実験室内コロニーの樹立：野外で採集したマダニ合計113個体の細菌叢を解析した。ウイルス陽性および陰性群間での線形判別分析により、内在性フレボウイルス、および粒子形成フレボウイルス感染マダニで有意に検出される細菌群を見出した。実験室内コロニーとして樹立したフタトゲチマダニ両性生殖系および単為生殖系の両方のミトゲノムを解読し、微生物叢情報に加え遺伝子情報を整備した。４）蚊・マダニに共生する新規ウイルスの同定と機能解析：ボリビアの野外生息蚊から同定した3種の新規フラビウイルスの性状解析および系統樹解析を実施した。単離したPsorophora flavivirus (PSFV)は、ザンビアで単離したBarkedji virus (BJV)と共にlineage II insect specific flaviviruses (ISFs)であった。さらに継代飼育成体蚊を用いて、これらISFsの宿主指向性を解析した結果、PSFVはネッタイシマカ、BJVはアカイエカに指向性を有することが明らかとなった。また、2019年に発見した新規ブニヤウイルスの北海道における分布を調べた。

Research Progress Status

令和2年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

令和2年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Zambia/Lusaka Apex Medical University/Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock(ザンビア)
  • Country Name: ZAMBIA
  • Counterpart Institution: University of Zambia/Lusaka Apex Medical University/Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock
  • # of Other Institutions: 3
• [Int'l Joint Research] University College Dublin(アイルランド)
  • Country Name: IRELAND
  • Counterpart Institution: University College Dublin
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Florida(米国)
  • Country Name: U.S.A.
  • Counterpart Institution: University of Florida
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Lincoln/University College London(英国)
  • Country Name: UNITED KINGDOM
  • Counterpart Institution: University of Lincoln/University College London
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Vienna(オーストラリア)
  • Country Name: AUSTRALIA
  • Counterpart Institution: University of Vienna
• [Int'l Joint Research]
  • # of Other Countries: 1
• [Journal Article] Diverse mosquito-specific flaviviruses in the Bolivian Amazon basin (2021)
  • Author(s): Orba Y, Matsuno K, Nakao R, Kryukov K, Saito Y, Kawamori F, Loza Vega A, Watanabe T, Maemura T, Sasaki M, Hall WW, Hall RA, Pereira JA, Nakagawa S, Sawa H.
  • Journal Title: Journal of General Virology Volume: 102 Pages: in press
  • DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001518
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations at the S1/S2 cleavage site are generated in vitro during propagation in TMPRSS2-deficient cells (2021)
  • Author(s): Sasaki M, Uemura K, Sato A, Toba S, Sanaki T, Maenaka K, Hall WW, Orba Y, Sawa H.
  • Journal Title: PLOS Pathogens Volume: 17 Pages: e1009233
  • DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009233
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Phylogenies from mitochondrial genomes of 120 species of ticks: Insights into the evolution of the families of ticks and of the genus Amblyomma (2021)
  • Author(s): Kelava S, Mans BJ, Shao R, Moustafa MAM, Matsuno K, Takano A, Kawabata H, Sato K, Fujita H, Ze C, Plantard O, Hornok S, Gao S, Barker D, Barker SC, Nakao R
  • Journal Title: Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases Volume: 12 Pages: 101577～101577
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101577
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Anthropogenic interferences lead to gut microbiome dysbiosis in Asian elephants and may alter adaptation processes to surrounding environments (2021)
  • Author(s): Moustafa MAM, Chel HM, Thu MJ, Bawm S, Htun LL, Win MM, Oo ZM, Ohsawa N, Lahdenpera M, Mohamed WMA, Ito K, Nonaka N, Nakao R, Katakura K
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 11 Pages: 741
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80537-1
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Spiroplasma Infection among Ixodid Ticks Exhibits Species Dependence and Suggests a Vertical Pattern of Transmission (2021)
  • Author(s): Ogata S, Mohamed WMA, Kusakisako K, Thu MJ, Qiu Y, Moustafa MAM, Matsuno K, Katakura K, Nonaka N, Nakao R
  • Journal Title: Microorganisms Volume: 9 Pages: 333～333
  • DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020333
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Amblyomma testudinarium infestation on a brown bear (Ursus arctos yesoensis) captured in Hokkaido, a northern island of Japan (2021)
  • Author(s): Nakao R, Shinjo K, Sakiyama T, Ogata S, Kusakisako K, Kinoshita G, Naguib D, Chatanga E, Mohamed WMA, Moustafa MAM, Matsuno K, Ito T, Nonaka N, Sashika M, Tsubota T, Shimozuru M
  • Journal Title: Parasitology International Volume: 80 Pages: 102209～102209
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102209
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] An African tick flavivirus forming an independent clade exhibits unique exoribonuclease-resistant RNA structures in the genomic 3′-untranslated region (2021)
  • Author(s): Harima H, Orba Y, Torii S, Qiu Y, Kajihara M, Eto Y, Matsuta N, Hang'ombe BM, Eshita Y, Uemura K, Matsuno K, Sasaki M, Yoshii K, Nakao R, Hall WW, Takada A, Abe T, Wolfinger MT, Simuunza M, Sawa H
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 11 Pages: 4883
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84365-9
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Mastomys natalensis is a possible natural rodent reservoir for encephalomyocarditis virus (2021)
  • Author(s): Kishimoto M, Hang'ombe BM, Hall WW, Orba Y, Sawa H, Sasaki M
  • Journal Title: Journal of General Virology Volume: 102 Pages: in press
  • DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001564
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] TMPRSS11D and TMPRSS13 Activate the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein (2021)
  • Author(s): Kishimoto M, Uemura K, Sanaki T, Sato A, Hall WW, Kariwa H, Orba Y, Sawa H, Sasaki M.
  • Journal Title: Viruses Volume: 13 Pages: 384～384
  • DOI: 10.3390/v13030384
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Host serine proteases TMPRSS2 and TMPRSS11D mediate proteolytic activation and trypsin-independent infection in group A rotaviruses (2021)
  • Author(s): Sasaki M, Itakura Y, Kishimoto M, Tabata K, Uemura K, Ito N, Sugiyama M, Wastika CE, Orba Y, Sawa H
  • Journal Title: Journal of Virology Volume: in press Pages: in press
  • DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00398-21
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Molecular identification and genetic characterization of tick-borne pathogens in sheep and goats at two farms in the central and southern regions of Malawi (2021)
  • Author(s): Chatanga E, Kainga H, Maganga E, Hayashida K, Katakura K, Sugimoto C, Nonaka N, Nakao R
  • Journal Title: Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases Volume: 12 Pages: 101629～101629
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101629
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Exploring Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microbiomes Helps in Detecting Tick-Borne Infectious Agents in the Blood of Camels (2021)
  • Author(s): Mohamed WMA, Ali AO, Mahmoud HYAH, Omar MA, Chatanga E, Salim B, Naguib D, Anders JL, Nonaka N, Moustafa MAM, Nakao R
  • Journal Title: Pathogens Volume: 10 Pages: 351～351
  • DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10030351
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Screening of tick-borne pathogens in argasid ticks in Zambia: Expansion of the geographic distribution of Rickettsia lusitaniae and Rickettsia hoogstraalii and detection of putative novel Anaplasma species (2021)
  • Author(s): Qiu Y, Simuunza M, Kajihara M, Chambaro H, Harima H, Eto Y, Simulundu E, Squarre D, Torii S, Takada A, Hang’ombe BM, Sawa H, Sugimoto C, Nakao R
  • Journal Title: Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases Volume: 12 Pages: 101720～101720
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101720
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] West Nile Virus in Farmed Crocodiles, Zambia, 2019 (2020)
  • Author(s): Simulundu E, Ndashe K, Chambaro HM, Squarre D, Reilly PM, Chitanga S, Changula K, Mukubesa AN, Ndebe J, Tembo J, Kapata N, Bates M, Sinkala Y, Hang’ombe BM, Nalubamba KS, Kajihara M, Sasaki M, Orba Y, Takada A, Sawa H.
  • Journal Title: Emerging Infectious Diseases Volume: 26 Pages: 811～814
  • DOI: 10.3201/eid2604.190954
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Genetic Diversity and Sequence Polymorphism of Two Genes Encoding Theileria parva Antigens Recognized by CD8+ T Cells among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Cattle in Malawi (2020)
  • Author(s): Chatanga E, Hayashida K, Muleya W, Kusakisako K, Moustafa MAM, Salim B, Katakura K, Sugimoto C, Nonaka N, Nakao R
  • Journal Title: Pathogens Volume: 9 Pages: 334～334
  • DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9050334
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Host ESCRT factors are recruited during chikungunya virus infection and are required for the intracellular viral replication cycle (2020)
  • Author(s): Torii S, Orba Y, Sasaki M, Tabata K, Wada Y, Carr M, Hobson-Peters J, Hall RA, Takada A, Fukuhara T, Matsuura Y, Hall WW, Sawa H
  • Journal Title: Journal of Biological Chemistry Volume: 295 Pages: 7941～7957
  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.012303
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Evidence for exposure of asymptomatic domestic pigs to African swine fever virus during an inter‐epidemic period in Zambia (2020)
  • Author(s): Chambaro HM, Sasaki M, Sinkala Y, Gonzalez G, Squarre D, Fandamu P, Lubaba C, Mataa L, Shawa M, Mwape KE, Gabrie S, Chembensofu M, Carr MJ, Hall WW, Qiu Y, Kajihara M, TakadaA, Orba Y, Simulundu E*, Sawa H
  • Journal Title: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Volume: 67 Pages: 2741～2752
  • DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13630
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Characterization of mammalian orthoreoviruses isolated from faeces of pigs in Zambia (2020)
  • Author(s): Harima H, Sasaki M, Kajihara M, Gonzalez G, Simulundu E, Bwalya EC, Qiu Y,Okuya K, Isono M, Orba Y, Takada A, Hang'ombe BM, Mweene AS, Sawa H
  • Journal Title: Journal of General Virology Volume: 101 Pages: 1027～1036
  • DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001476
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Co-Circulation of Multiple Serotypes of Bluetongue Virus in Zambia (2020)
  • Author(s): Chambaro HM, Sasaki M, Simulundu E, Silwamba I, Sinkala Y, Gonzalez G, Squarre D, Fandamu P, Lubaba CH, Munyeme M, Maseko A, Chimvwele C, Mataa L, Mooya LE, Mukubesa AN, Harima H, Samui KL, Munang'andu HM, Simuunza M, Nalubamba KS, Qiu Y, Carr MJ, Hall WW, Eshita Y, Sawa H, Orba Y.
  • Journal Title: Viruses Volume: 12 Pages: 963～963
  • DOI: 10.3390/v12090963
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Discoveries of Exoribonuclease-Resistant Structures of Insect-Specific Flaviviruses Isolated in Zambia (2020)
  • Author(s): Wastika CE, Harima H, Sasaki M, Hang'ombe BM, Eshita Y, Qiu Y, Hall WW, Wolfinger MT, Sawa H, Orba Y
  • Journal Title: Viruses Volume: 12 Pages: 1017～1017
  • DOI: 10.3390/v12091017
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Distinct haplotypes and free movement ofAedes aegyptiin Port Sudan, Sudan (2020)
  • Author(s): Elnour MAB, Moustafa MAM, Khogali R, Azrag RS, Alanazi AD, Kheir A, Nakao R, de Meeus T, Salim B
  • Journal Title: Journal of Applied Entomology Volume: 144 Pages: 817～823
  • DOI: 10.1111/jen.12816
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Molecular detection and characterization of tick-borne hemoparasites and Anaplasmataceae in dogs in major cities of Malawi (2020)
  • Author(s): Chatanga E, Kainga H, Razemba T, Ssuna R, Swennen L, Hayashida K, Sugimoto C, Katakura K, Nonaka N, Nakao R
  • Journal Title: Parasitology Research Volume: 120 Pages: 267～276
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06967-y
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Isolation and characterization of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) from Mastomys natalensis, a potential reservoir rodent in Zambia. (2020)
  • Author(s): Mai Kishimoto, Michihito Sasaki, Hang'ombe BM, Yasuko Orba, Hirofumi Sawa
  • Organizer: The 8th Sapporo Summer Seminar for One Health (SaSSOH)
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Discoveries of exonuclease-resistant structure of dual-host affiliated insect-specific flaviviruses isolated from mosquitoes in Zambia. (2020)
  • Author(s): Wastika Christida Estu, Michihito Sasaki, Wolfinger Michael T, Hirofumi Sawa, Yasuko Orba,
  • Organizer: The 8th Sapporo Summer Seminar for One Health (SaSSOH)
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Functional characterization of exoribonuclease-resistant structure in insect-specific flaviviruses isolated from Culex mosquitoes in Zambia (2020)
  • Author(s): Christida E. Wastika , Hayato Harima, Michihito Sasaki, Bernard M. Hang’ombe, Yuki Eshita, Yongjin Qiu, William W. Hall, Michael T. Wolfinger, Hirofumi Sawa, Yasuko Orba
  • Organizer: IUMS 2020 Daejeon, Korea Virtual Congresses
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Comprehensive detection and universal diagnosis of Flaviviruses by nanopore sequencing (2020)
  • Author(s): Reteng P, Thuy LN, de Filipis AMB, Sawa H, Hall WW, Thi LAN, Yamagishi J
  • Organizer: Nanopore community meeting 2020
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Remarks] 北海道大学人獣共通感染症国際共同研究所 分子病態・診断部門
  • URL: http://www.czc.hokudai.ac.jp/pathobiol/