2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Roles of phytohormone in plant reproduction

Planned Research

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Project Area	Determining the principles of the birth of new plant species: molecular elucidation of the lock-and-key systems in sexual reproduction
Project/Area Number	16H06468
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Review Section	Biological Sciences
Research Institution	Nagoya University
Principal Investigator	Ueguchi-Tanaka Miyako (田中美弥子) 名古屋大学, 生物機能開発利用研究センター, 教授 (70377795)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	松岡信名古屋大学, 生物機能開発利用研究センター, 教授 (00270992) 永江峰幸名古屋大学, シンクロトロン光研究センター, 助教 (90735771) 渡邉信久名古屋大学, シンクロトロン光研究センター, 教授 (70212321)
Project Period (FY)	2016-06-30 – 2021-03-31
Keywords	gibberellin / GID1 / 進化 / X線結晶構造解析 / ジベレリン不活化酵素 / ジベレリン合成酵素 / ジベレリンシグナル伝達
Outline of Final Research Achievements	Gibberellins (GAs) are perceived by its nuclear receptor GID1. Previously, we found that the induction of antheridium in ferns is mediated by the GID1-GA system (Science 2014). Therefore, it is considered that GA was born as a reproductive hormone. In addition, the structural analysis of GID1-GA let me know that the structural information was important for understanding the evolutional function of GA. In this study, we (1) investigated GA-GID1 binding from ferns to seed plants, and (2) performed structural and functional analyses of GA synthesis and inactivation enzymes. Based on these analyses, we hypothesized that an evolutionary arms race occurs in the mechanism of GA production and inactivation in plant reproduction.
Free Research Field	植物分子遺伝学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究は、生殖過程における GA と受容体の共進化をX 線結晶構造解析と活性相関から明らかにするという極めて独創的な試みである。また、本研究により進められる植物タンパク質の構造解析に対するブレークスルーテクノロジーは、本新学術内だけではなく、植物研究全体に対して構造解析をより確実に行う技術であり、今後様々な植物生理現象や応用研究に波及できる可能性がある。