Ecosystem dynamics in the Antarctic sea ice zone

2020 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project Area: Giant reservoirs of heat/water/material : Global environmental changes driven by the Southern Ocean and the Antarctic Ice Sheet
• Project/Area Number: 17H06319
• Research Institution: Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology
• Principal Investigator: 茂木 正人 東京海洋大学, 学術研究院, 准教授 (50330684)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 綿貫 豊 北海道大学, 水産科学研究院, 教授 (40192819) ; 真壁 竜介 国立極地研究所, 研究教育系, 助教 (40469599) ; 小達 恒夫 国立極地研究所, 研究教育系, 教授 (60224250) [Withdrawn] ; 高尾 信太郎 国立研究開発法人国立環境研究所, 地球環境研究センター, 研究員 (80767955) ; 黒沢 則夫 創価大学, 理工学部, 教授 (30234602)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-06-30 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 南大洋 / 動物プランクトン / 中深層性魚類 / ハダカイワシ類 / ソコイワシ類 / メタバーコーディング

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

今年度はCovid-19の影響によって，観測航海が取りやめとなり，新規にデータ・サンプルは得られていない．そのため，これまで得られたデータやサンプルを用いて分析・解析を進めた．
今年度は，特にインド洋セクターを南北に走るトランセクト上の動物プランクトンの群集組成の変化，南大洋の低次生産において大きな影響をもつサルパの摂餌生態，漸深層において大きな生物量をもつソコイワシの食性に関わる研究を行った．最後の食性に関する研究では，DNAメタバーコーディングの手法を用い，一定の成果を得た．
また，固定液としてのルゴール液が，動物プランクトンにおいて形態観察，安定同位体分析およびDNA分析に用いることができることを検証し，証明した．この手法はセジメントトラップサンプルや各種のサンプルに応用できる．

Current Status of Research Progress

3: Progress in research has been slightly delayed.

Reason

サンプルの分析や解析，論文の執筆など一定程度は進んだが，海洋観測ができなかったことから新規のサンプルやデータが得られなかった．

Strategy for Future Research Activity

Covid-19による制限がどの程度になるかといった不確定な要素があるが，現有のサンプルやデータの解析に，これまでと同様に勢力をつぎ込む．食性解析にメタバーコーディングが応用できる目途がついたので，さらにDNAメタバーコーディングを適用した生態系研究を進める．

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Physical and chemical oceanographic data during Umitaka-maru cruise of the 59th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition in January 2018 (2021)
  • Author(s): Shimada, K., S. Takao, K. T. Takahashi, Y. Kitade, J. Kanda, and T. Odate
  • Journal Title: Polar Data Journal Volume: 5 Pages: 11～36
  • DOI: 10.20575/00000023
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The use of swimmers from sediment traps to measure summer community structure of Southern Ocean pteropods (2021)
  • Author(s): Weldrick Christine K.、Makabe Ryosuke、Mizobata Kohei、Moteki Masato、Odate Tsuneo、Takao Shintaro、Trebilco Rowan、Swadling Kerrie M.
  • Journal Title: Polar Biology Volume: 44 Pages: 457～472
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00300-021-02809-4
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Effects of Lugol's iodine on long‐term preservation of marine plankton samples for molecular and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses (2020)
  • Author(s): Sano Masayoshi、Makabe Ryosuke、Kurosawa Norio、Moteki Masato、Odate Tsuneo
  • Journal Title: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods Volume: 18 Pages: 635～643
  • DOI: 10.1002/lom3.10390
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The Cyclonic Eddy Train in the Indian Ocean Sector of the Southern Ocean as Revealed by Satellite Radar Altimeters and In Situ Measurements (2020)
  • Author(s): Mizobata K.、Shimada K.、Aoki S.、Kitade Y.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Volume: 125 Pages: 0-0
  • DOI: 10.1029/2019JC015994
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Zooplankton monitoring using a twin NORPAC net during the 59th. Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition in austral summer 2017-2018 (2020)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, K. T., and T. Odate
  • Journal Title: Polar Data Journal Volume: 4 Pages: 61-71
  • DOI: 10.20575/00000014
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Zooplankton monitoring using a twin NORPAC net during the 60th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition in austral summer 2018?2019 (2020)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, K. T., and T. Odate
  • Journal Title: Polar Data Journal Volume: 4 Pages: 72～82
  • DOI: 10.20575/00000015
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Chlorophyll a and macro-nutrient concentrations and photosynthetically active radiation during the training vessel Umitaka-maru cruise of the 59th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition in January 2018 (2020)
  • Author(s): Makabe, R., S. Takao, K. T. Takahashi, T. Odate
  • Journal Title: Polar Data Journal Volume: 4 Pages: 121～132
  • DOI: 10.20575/00000018
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Zooplankton in the Southern Ocean from the continuous plankton recorder: Distributions and long-term change (2020)
  • Author(s): Pinkerton Matthew H.、D?cima Moira、Kitchener John A.、Takahashi Kunio T.、Robinson Karen V.、Stewart Robert、Hosie Graham W.
  • Journal Title: Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers Volume: 162 Pages: 103303～103303
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2020.103303
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A functional size-spectrum model of the global marine ecosystem that resolves zooplankton composition (2020)
  • Author(s): Heneghan Ryan F.、Everett Jason D.、Sykes Patrick、Batten Sonia D.、Edwards Martin、Takahashi Kunio、Suthers Iain M.、Blanchard Julia L.、Richardson Anthony J.
  • Journal Title: Ecological Modelling Volume: 435 Pages: 109265～109265
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109265
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Algal concentration and composition in newly formed/young sea ice in Antarctic (2020)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, K. D., M. Ito, R. Makabe, T. Tamura, T. Odate, and M. Moteki
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science. 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Molecular analysis of fecal pellets collected by using gel sediment traps in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean during austral summer (2020)
  • Author(s): Sano, M., R. Makabe, N. Kurosawa, M. Moteki, and T. Odate
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science. 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Microscopic and DNA-based diet analyses of larval Antarctic myctophid fish Electrona antarctica in the Southern OceanMicroscopic and DNA-based diet analyses of larval Antarctic myctophid fish Electrona antarctica in the Southern Ocean (2020)
  • Author(s): Nirazuka, S., A. Tachibana, and M. Moteki
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science. 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Seasonal variation in physical and biological parameters during sea ice melting season in the Southern Ocean (2020)
  • Author(s): Makabe, R., K. D. Takahashi, S. Takao, R. Matsuda, K. Mizobata, N. Kurosawa, M. Moteki, and T. Odate
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science. 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Role of fecal pellet-like dinoflagellates in the carbon transport and food webs in the seasonal ice zone of the Southern Ocean (2020)
  • Author(s): Han, J., A. Kagesawa, M. Sano, S. Takao, R. Makabe, M. Moteki, T. Odate, and N. Kurosawa
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science. 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Environmental DNA as a tool for biomonitoring the Antarctic marine ecosystem (2020)
  • Author(s): Tachibana, A., R. Makabe, and M. Moteki
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science. 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Report on the status and trends of Southern Ocean Zooplankton based on the SCAR Southern Ocean Continuous Plankton Recorder (SO-CPR) Survey (2020)
  • Author(s): Takahashi, K. T., J. A. Kitchener, K. V. Robinson, G. W. Hosie, and SO-CPR Survey Team
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science. 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] The Heart of the East AnTarctic CRyosphere-Ocean Synergy System (HEAT-CROSS) (2020)
  • Author(s): Mizobata, K., T. Tamura, D. Hirano, and R. Makabe
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science. 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Oceanic structure of the Vincennes Bay (2020)
  • Author(s): Shimada, K., Y. Kitade, K. Mizobata, and T. Tamura
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science. 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Development of heat and salt flux dataset associated with sea-ice processes in the Antarctic Ocean (2020)
  • Author(s): Nihashi, S., K. Nakata, R. Makabe, N. Kimura, T. Tamura
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science. 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Foraging movements and prey of short-tailed shearwaters in the Southern Ocean (2020)
  • Author(s): Watanuki Y, S. Azumi, A. Takahashi, N. Kokubun, Y. Ando, M. Moteki, Arce F, Lea M-A, Hindell M
  • Organizer: JpGU, Annual Meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Short-tailed shearwaters fly and navigate efficiently under strong winds over Southern Ocean (2020)
  • Author(s): Takahashi A, S. Azumi, Y. Watanuki, N. Kokubun, F. Arce, M.-A. Lea, M. Hindell
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science, Online, 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Foraging movements and prey of short-tailed shearwaters in the Southern Ocean (2020)
  • Author(s): Azumi S, Y. Watanuki, A. Takahashi, N. Kokubun, Y. Ando, M. Moteki, F. Arce, M.-A. Lea, M. Hindell
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science, Online, 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Food of Short-tailed shearwater died in a collision in the Southern Ocean (2020)
  • Author(s): Azumi S, A. Takahashi, J. Okado, Y. Watanuki
  • Organizer: The 11th Symposium on Polar Science, Online, 1-3 December 2020, Tokyo, Japan
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] エタノールに代わる分子生物学 的解析のための動物プランクトン固定手法 (2020)
  • Author(s): 佐野雅美、真壁竜介、黒沢則夫、茂木正人、小達恒夫
  • Organizer: 2020 年日本プランクトン学会・日本ベントス学会合同大会
• [Presentation] Structure of eddy and property of AABW observed off Cape Pointset (2020)
  • Author(s): 北出裕二郎、溝端浩平、平野大輔、嶋田啓資、青木茂、田村岳史
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合 2020 年大会
• [Presentation] 係留系観測で得られたビンセネス湾沖南極底層水の時系列変化 (2020)
  • Author(s): 溝端浩平、北出裕二郎、嶋田啓資、平野大輔、松村義正、程霊巧、青木茂、田村岳史
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合 2020 年大会
• [Remarks] 南極ゲートウェイジャパン
  • URL: https://www.jr-eaest.com/