2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Studying the mechanism and function of cellular diversity in vivo using Drosophila melanogaster
Project Area | Integrated analysis and regulation of cellular diversity |
Project/Area Number |
17H06332
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
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Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
Review Section |
Complex systems
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Research Institution | The University of Tokyo (2021) Tohoku University (2017-2020) |
Principal Investigator |
Nakajima Yuichiro 東京大学, 大学院薬学系研究科(薬学部), 講師 (90782152)
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Project Period (FY) |
2017-06-30 – 2022-03-31
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Keywords | 細胞多様性 / 細胞可塑性 / 幹細胞 / 栄養 / 老化 / 腫瘍 / シングルセル / 数理モデル |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In organs and tissues in vivo, cellular diversity composed of various cell types is essential for maintaining homeostasis and responding to internal and external perturbations. In this study, using the Drosophila midgut as an in vivo model, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms that maintain cellular diversity originating from stem cells and their physiological roles in the midgut before and after different perturbations such as 1) nutritional changes, 2) tumor transplantation, and 3) aging. We found characteristic cellular responses in the midgut before and after different perturbations: 1) nutritional changes, 2) tumor transplantation, and 3) aging. By combining genetic analysis with single cell analysis and mathematical modeling, we demonstrated that this interdisciplinary approach is effective for investigating mechanisms and functions of cellular diversity.
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Free Research Field |
発生遺伝学、細胞生物学、発生生物学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
ヒトを含む多細胞生物の臓器は、様々な細胞タイプが適切な細胞数で存在する細胞ダイバーシティーを形成することで、環境変化や摂動に応答しながらもロバストに恒常性を維持する。本研究では、個体レベルの解析に適したシンプルな臓器であるショウジョウバエ成虫の腸管上皮をモデルとして、幹細胞を起点とした細胞ダイバーシティーを維持する仕組みとその生理的な役割の解明を目指した。1) 栄養変化、2) 腫瘍移植、3) 老化、という異なる摂動を与えた前後の腸管に細胞ダイバーシティー変化を細胞や分子レベルで捉えることに成功し、数理モデルを含む融合アプローチを導入した。
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