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2022 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

Theoretical and Observational Studies of the Formation and Evolution of Diverse Planetary Atmospheres

Planned Research

Project AreaA Paradigm Shift by a New Integrated Theory of Star Formation: Exploring the Expanding Frontier of Habitable Planetary Systems in Our Galaxy
Project/Area Number 18H05439
Research InstitutionNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan

Principal Investigator

生駒 大洋  国立天文台, 科学研究部, 教授 (80397025)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 寺田 直樹  東北大学, 理学研究科, 教授 (70470060)
成田 憲保  東京大学, 大学院総合文化研究科, 教授 (60610532)
堀 安範  大学共同利用機関法人自然科学研究機構(新分野創成センター、アストロバイオロジーセンター、生命創成探究, アストロバイオロジーセンター, 特任助教 (40724084)
Project Period (FY) 2018-06-29 – 2023-03-31
Keywords惑星大気 / 系外惑星 / 惑星形成・進化
Outline of Annual Research Achievements

ハビタブル惑星にとって必要な海水は大気の形成過程の結果としてもたらされる。近年、系外惑星の発見とそれに伴う惑星形成理論の大修正によって、惑星大気の多様さと惑星形成の複雑さが明らかになってきた。しかし、地球型惑星の大気や海の獲得に関する理解は未だ古典論に基づいており、大幅な修正が必要である。一方、観測事実との比較によって理論を検証する必要があるが、それを可能にする観測データが圧倒的に不足している。

こうした状況を打破するため、本予算でハワイ州マウイ島ハレアカラ観測所に設置・運用している多色同時撮像カメラ MuSCAT3とスペイン領テネリフェ島テイデ観測所MuSCAT2を合わせて用いることで、トランジット系外惑星探索衛星 TESS が発見した惑星候補天体を集中的に追観測し、真の系外惑星を多数発見できた。また、すばる望遠鏡 IRD を用いた質量の決定や IRD と MuSCAT2/3 を用いた多波長観測による大気観測から、発見した惑星をさらに特徴づけ、惑星形成進化過程に対する制約をl得ることができた。

一方、理論面では、他の研究計画で明らかになった原始惑星系円盤の構造および進化、材料物質となる微惑星の挙動や分布 、原始惑星の成長、少数多体系の力学過程等に関する新たな知見を、開発を続けてきた惑星種族合成モデルに組み込み、その影響を定量評価するとともに、KeplerやTESSが発見した多数の系外惑星と比較することで、モデルの妥当性を検証した。そこから、ハビタブル惑星にとって必要な適度な海水量を持つ惑星の頻度を予測することができた。さらに、放射冷却過程を詳細に考慮した高層大気構造および大気散逸過程の理論計算によって、赤色矮星のハビタブルゾーンのような強紫外線環境でも、大気や海を保持しうることを示すことができた。

Research Progress Status

令和4年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

令和4年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

  • Research Products

    (35 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (3 results) Journal Article (17 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 17 results,  Peer Reviewed: 17 results,  Open Access: 17 results) Presentation (14 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 9 results,  Invited: 3 results) Funded Workshop (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Las Cumbres Observatory(米国)

    • Country Name
      U.S.A.
    • Counterpart Institution
      Las Cumbres Observatory
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias(スペイン)

    • Country Name
      SPAIN
    • Counterpart Institution
      Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University College London(英国)

    • Country Name
      UNITED KINGDOM
    • Counterpart Institution
      University College London
  • [Journal Article] Characterization of starspots on a young M-dwarf K2-25: multiband observations of stellar photometric variability and planetary transits2024

    • Author(s)
      Mori Mayuko、Ikuta Kai、Fukui Akihiko、Narita Norio、de Leon Jerome P、Livingston John H、Ikoma Masahiro、et al.
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 530 Pages: 167~189

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stae841

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Exploring the Ability of Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 G141 to Uncover Trends in Populations of Exoplanet Atmospheres through a Homogeneous Transmission Survey of 70 Gaseous Planets2023

    • Author(s)
      Edwards Billy、Changeat Quentin、Tsiaras Angelos、Yip Kai Hou、Al-Refaie Ahmed F.、Anisman Lara、Bieger Michelle F.、Gressier Amelie、Shibata Sho、Skaf Nour、Bouwman Jeroen、Cho James Y-K.、Ikoma Masahiro、Venot Olivia、Waldmann Ingo、Lagage Pierre-Olivier、Tinetti Giovanna
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 269 Pages: 31~31

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac9f1a

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] An M dwarf accompanied by a close-in giant orbiter with SPECULOOS2023

    • Author(s)
      Triaud Amaury H M J、Dransfield Georgina、Kagetani Taiki、Timmermans Mathilde、Narita Norio、Barkaoui Khalid、Hirano Teruyuki、Rackham Benjamin V、Mori Mayuko、・・・、Fukui Akihiko、・・・、Ikoma Masahiro et al.
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters

      Volume: 525 Pages: L98~L104

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnrasl/slad097

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] TOI 4201 b and TOI 5344 b: Discovery of Two Transiting Giant Planets around M-dwarf Stars and Revised Parameters for Three Others2023

    • Author(s)
      Hartman J. D.、Bakos G. A.、Csubry Z.、Howard A. W.、Isaacson H.、Giacalone S.、Chontos A.、Narita N.、Fukui A.、de Leon J. P.、Watanabe N.、Mori M.、Kagetani T.、Fukuda I.、Kawai Y.、Ikoma M. et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astronomical Journal

      Volume: 166 Pages: 163~163

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-3881/acf56e

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The mass of TOI-519 b: A close-in giant planet transiting a metal-rich mid-M dwarf2023

    • Author(s)
      Kagetani Taiki、Narita Norio、Kimura Tadahiro、Hirano Teruyuki、Ikoma Masahiro、Ishikawa Hiroyuki Tako、Giacalone Steven、Fukui Akihiko、Kodama Takanori、Gore Rebecca、Schroeder Ashley、Hori Yasunori et al.
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

      Volume: 75 Pages: 713~721

    • DOI

      10.1093/pasj/psad031

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Two sub-Neptunes around the M dwarf TOI-14702023

    • Author(s)
      Gonzalez-Alvarez E.、Zapatero Osorio M. R.、Caballero J. A.、Bejar V. J. S.、Cifuentes C.、Fukui A.、Herrero E.、Kawauchi K.、Livingston J. H.、Lopez-Gonzalez M. J.、Morello G.、Murgas F.、Narita, N.、・・・、Ikoma M. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics

      Volume: 675 Pages: A177~A177

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202346292

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] TOI-1442 b and TOI-2445 b: Two potentially rocky ultra-short period planets around M dwarfs2023

    • Author(s)
      Morello G.、Parviainen H.、Murgas F.、Palle E.、Oshagh M.、Fukui A.、Hirano T.、Ishikawa H. T.、Mori M.、Narita N.、Collins K. A.、Barkaoui K.、Lewin P.、Cadieux C.、de Leon J. P.、Soubkiou A.、Abreu Garcia N.、Crouzet N.、Esparza-Borges E.、Fernandez Rodriguez G. E.、Galan D.、Hori Y.、Ikoma M. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics

      Volume: 673 Pages: A32~A32

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202243592

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] An Earth-sized Planet around an M5 Dwarf Star at 22 pc2023

    • Author(s)
      Hirano Teruyuki、Dai Fei、Livingston John H.、Grziwa Sascha、Lam Kristine W. F.、Kasagi Yui、Narita Norio、Ishikawa Hiroyuki Tako、Miyakawa Kohei、Serrano Luisa M.、Matsumoto Yuji、Kokubo Eiichiro、Kimura Tadahiro、Ikoma Masahiro、・・・、Fukui Akihiko、・・・、Hori Yasunori et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astronomical Journal

      Volume: 165 Pages: 131~131

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-3881/acb7e1

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Predicted diversity in water content of terrestrial exoplanets orbiting M dwarfs2022

    • Author(s)
      Kimura Tadahiro、Ikoma Masahiro
    • Journal Title

      Nature Astronomy

      Volume: 6 Pages: 1296~1307

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41550-022-01781-1

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Two temperate super-Earths transiting a nearby late-type M dwarf2022

    • Author(s)
      Delrez L.、Murray C. A.、Pozuelos F. J.、Narita N.、Ducrot E.、Timmermans M.、Watanabe N.、Burgasser A. J.、Hirano T.、Rackham B. V.、Stassun K. G.、Van Grootel V.、Aganze C.、Cointepas M.、Howell S.、Kaltenegger L.、Niraula P.、Sebastian D.、・・・、Fukui A.、・・・、Hori Y.、Ikoma M. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics

      Volume: 667 Pages: A59~A59

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202244041

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Survival of Terrestrial N2-O2 Atmospheres in Violent XUV Environments through Efficient Atomic Line Radiative Cooling2022

    • Author(s)
      Nakayama Akifumi、Ikoma Masahiro、Terada Naoki
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 937 Pages: 72~72

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac86ca

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A hot sub-Neptune in the desert and a temperate super-Earth around faint M dwarfs2022

    • Author(s)
      Esparza-Borges E.、Parviainen H.、Murgas F.、Palle E.、Maas A.、Morello G.、Zapatero-Osorio M. R.、Barkaoui K.、Narita N.、Fukui A.、・・・、Kagetani T.、Kawauchi K.、Kodama T.、・・・、Ikoma M. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics

      Volume: 666 Pages: A10~A10

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202243731

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Validation and atmospheric exploration of the sub-Neptune TOI-2136b around a nearby M3 dwarf2022

    • Author(s)
      Kawauchi K.、Murgas F.、Palle E.、Narita N.、Fukui A.、・・・、Mori M.、Kagetani T.、・・・、Kimura T.、Kodama T.、・・・、Hori Y.、Ikoma M. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics

      Volume: 666 Pages: A4~A4

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202243381

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] TOI-1452 b: SPIRou and TESS Reveal a Super-Earth in a Temperate Orbit Transiting an M4 Dwarf2022

    • Author(s)
      Cadieux Charles、Doyon Rene、Plotnykov Mykhaylo、Hebrard Guillaume、Jahandar Farbod、Artigau Etienne、Valencia Diana、Cook Neil J.、Martioli Eder、Vandal Thomas、Donati Jean-Francois、Cloutier Ryan、Narita Norio、Fukui Akihiko、・・・、Ikoma Masahiro et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astronomical Journal

      Volume: 164 Pages: 96~96

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-3881/ac7cea

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Less Effective Hydrodynamic Escape of H2-H2O Atmospheres on Terrestrial Planets Orbiting Pre-main-sequence M Dwarfs2022

    • Author(s)
      Yoshida Tatsuya、Terada Naoki、Ikoma Masahiro、Kuramoto Kiyoshi
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 934 Pages: 137~137

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac7be7

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] TOI-1696: A Nearby M4 Dwarf with a 3 REarth Planet in the Neptunian Desert2022

    • Author(s)
      Mori Mayuko、Livingston John H.、Leon Jerome de、Narita Norio、Hirano Teruyuki、Fukui Akihiko、・・・、Hori Yasunori、・・・、Kawauchi Kiyoe、・・・、Ikoma Masahiro et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astronomical Journal

      Volume: 163 Pages: 298~298

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-3881/ac6bf8

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Five Key Exoplanet Questions Answered via the Analysis of 25 Hot-Jupiter Atmospheres in Eclipse2022

    • Author(s)
      Changeat Q.、Edwards B.、Al-Refaie A. F.、Tsiaras A.、Skinner J. W.、Cho J. Y. K.、Yip K. H.、Anisman L.、Ikoma M.、Bieger M. F.、Venot O.、Shibata S.、Waldmann I. P.、Tinetti G.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 260 Pages: 3~3

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac5cc2

    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Development of the MuSCAT series and their latest scientific results2024

    • Author(s)
      成田憲保、福井暁彦ほか
    • Organizer
      Extreme Solar Systems V
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Ariel mission: Possible science cases for low-gravity exoplanets2023

    • Author(s)
      生駒大洋
    • Organizer
      JpGU Meeting 2023
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Formation of water-rich exoplanets2023

    • Author(s)
      木村真博、生駒大洋
    • Organizer
      From Disks to Planets: Formation and Early Evolution
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 複数惑星系の巨大衝突進化に関する半解析的モデルの開発2023

    • Author(s)
      木村真博、星野遥、小久保英一郎、生駒大洋
    • Organizer
      日本惑星科学会2023
  • [Presentation] Results of TESS follow-up observations produced by the MuSCAT series and the IRD intensive follow-up project2023

    • Author(s)
      成田憲保ほか
    • Organizer
      Protostars and Planets VII
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] MuSCATシリーズとすばる望遠鏡IRDインテンシブ観測によるTESSトランジット惑星候補のフォローアップ観測III2023

    • Author(s)
      成田憲保ほか
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2023年春季年会
  • [Presentation] Atmospheric escape and its effects on the atmospheric evolution and habitability2023

    • Author(s)
      中山陽史
    • Organizer
      From Disks to Planets: Formation and Early Evolution
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 系外惑星大気赤外分光観測衛星計画 Ariel2022

    • Author(s)
      生駒大洋、塩谷圭吾、伊藤祐一、藤井友香、亀田真吾、川島由依、成田憲保、福井暁彦、村上豪
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2022年秋季年会
  • [Presentation] Volatile accumulation, partition, and loss for rocky planets2022

    • Author(s)
      生駒大洋
    • Organizer
      Rocky Worlds II
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Theoretical prediction of water contents of terrestrial exoplanets around M dwarfs with effects of water production in primordial atmospheres2022

    • Author(s)
      木村真博、生駒大洋
    • Organizer
      Rocky Worlds II
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Potential Science Cases of MuSCAT series in the Southern Hemisphere2022

    • Author(s)
      成田憲保、福井暁彦、住貴宏、生駒大洋ほか
    • Organizer
      JpGU Meeting 2022
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 世界の1-2m望遠鏡に展開する多色同時撮像カメラMuSCATシリーズ2022

    • Author(s)
      成田憲保
    • Organizer
      2022年度光赤天連シンポジウム
  • [Presentation] Survival of Terrestrial N2-O2 Atmosphere in Violent XUV Environments by Efficient Atomic Line Radiative Cooling2022

    • Author(s)
      中山陽史、生駒大洋、寺田直樹
    • Organizer
      Forming and Exploring Habitable Worlds
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] M型星周りにおける地球型大気保持の可能性2022

    • Author(s)
      中山陽史、生駒大洋、寺田直樹
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2022年秋季年会
  • [Funded Workshop] Protostars and Planets VII2023

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Published: 2024-12-25  

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