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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Mechanisms of operation and regulation of microautophagy

Planned Research

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Project AreaMultimode autophagy: Diverse pathways and selectivity
Project/Area Number 19H05709
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Biological Sciences
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

Sakai Yasuyoshi  京都大学, 農学研究科, 教授 (60202082)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 奥 公秀  京都先端科学大学, バイオ環境学部, 准教授 (10511230)
Project Period (FY) 2019-06-28 – 2024-03-31
Keywordsオートファジー / 液胞 / ミクロオートファジー / リソソーム
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Microautophagy is a pathway in which lysosomal or endosomal membranes are directly deformed to engulf cytoplasmic components for degradation. It constitutes one of the diverse autophagy pathways, and still has many unexplored aspects. The choice of whether to use microautophagy or another macroautophagy to degrade intracellular components may be controlled by the cell depending on environmental conditions, but the mechanism remains largely unknown. In this research project, we discovered a group of ESCRT proteins as factors that function specifically in microautophagy, and also revealed the function of the MAP kinase pathway that negatively regulates peroxisome-selective autophagy, and that of a ubiquitin ligase in lipid droplet-specific microautophagy. We also succeeded in identifying an Atg protein that functions in both macroautophagy and microautophagy in a methanol-utilizing yeast.

Free Research Field

応用微生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

マルチモード・オートファジーの中でミクロオートファジーはマクロオートファジーと分解対象物や分子機構において共通する部分を持ちます。ゆえにミクロオートファジーの特性理解には、マクロオートファジーとの共通分子機構と非共通分子機構とを峻別する必要があります。今回の研究課題ではミクロオートファジーに固有の分子機構(ESCRT)と、マクロオートファジーと共通する分子機構(Atg)の両方を見いだすことができ、ミクロオートファジーの特性理解を深めることに成功しました。また、近年産業応用がすすむメタノール資化性酵母の代謝調節機構も見いだしており、この知見は本酵母での物質生産能向上に資する可能性を持っています。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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